Salivary but not plasma cortisone tracks the plasma cortisol response to exercise: effect of time of day

Corral, Pedro Del; Schurman, Regina C.; Kinza, Sameen S.; Fitzgerald, Matthew J.; Kordick, Christopher A.; Rusch, Jennifer L.; Nadolski, Jeremy

doi:10.1007/s40618-015-0367-7

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The moderate salivary C and blood TC relationships are consistent with exercise research, but with the added novelty of a competitive stressor and concurrent testing of younger men and women. The sex‐related differences noted for salivary T are not evident for C, due to its larger molecular size and similar concentrations among male and female populations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Two paired capillary blood and saliva samples were taken across the weightlifting competition; before warming up for the first exercise trial (ie, pre‐competition) and then after the last trial (ie, post‐competition), equating to a 30‐minute sampling period. Athlete testing was conducted over four consecutive days in smaller manageable groups, but each group was assessed at a similar time each day (between 10 am and 1 pm ) to account for diurnal variation …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The utility of salivary testosterone and cortisol concentration measures for assessing the stress responses of junior athletes during a sporting competition

Crewther

Obmiński

Orysiak

et al. 2017

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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Background This study examined the utility of salivary testosterone (T) and cortisol (C) concentration measures for assessing the acute stress responses of junior athletes during a sporting competition. Methods Paired capillary blood and saliva samples were taken from 71 junior athletes (45 males, 26 females) before and after a simulated Olympic weightlifting competition. The concentration measures of salivary T and C were referenced against blood total T (TT) and C (TC) concentrations. All hormones were tested by immunoassay. Results The competition promoted an increase in the blood TT concentrations of the male (10.1%±18.7%) and female (12.9%±19.9%) athletes (P<.05), with TC also rising in females (37.5%±69%) and tending to increase in males (23.2%±56.1%). No significant changes in salivary T or C were identified. Locally‐weighted regression revealed that salivary T was strongly related to blood TT in males (r2=.84), but not females (r2=−.15), whereas salivary C was moderately related to blood TC in both sexes (r2=.43, r2=.48), respectively. Conclusions A short, high‐intensity competition promoted a predictable stress‐induced rise in blood TT and TC concentrations. We observed no hormonal stress responses in saliva under the current format, which could be explained by individual variability and blood‐saliva differences in hormone kinetics. Still, the salivary T and C measures did show a moderate to strong ability to track individual blood TT (males only) and TC (both sexes) concentrations in a young athletic cohort across a broad physiological range. Recommendations for researchers and practitioners are presented.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The utility of salivary testosterone and cortisol concentration measures for assessing the stress responses of junior athletes during a sporting competition

Crewther

Obmiński

Orysiak

et al. 2017

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, although cortisol measurement by saliva has numerous advantages over that by plasma (e.g., stress-free sampling, lower costs, and non-invasive collection methods) (44), salivary cortisol measured by radioimmunoassay has intrinsic problems of variability. In the current sample, for instance, concentrations may have been influenced by contamination of saliva with hydrocortisone tablets (and may explain, for instance, why patients experienced increasing cortisol concentrations between 21:30 h and midnight, despite taking their final medication dose several hours prior to bedtime and the relatively short half-life of hydrocortisone).…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced slow-wave sleep and altered diurnal cortisol rhythms in patients with Addison’s disease

Henry

Ross

Thomas³

2018

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Overall, these results suggest that patients with AD demonstrate different patterns of night-time cortisol concentrations to healthy controls, and that relatively elevated concentrations are associated with a reduction of SWS. These hormonal and sleep architectural aberrations may disrupt the routine sleep-dependent processes of memory consolidation, and hence may explain, at least partially, the memory impairments often experienced by patients with AD.

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“…Several assays for determining cortisol and cortisone levels in saliva and other biological fluids are reported [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Generally, commercially available kits are used for monitoring cortisol and cortisone levels by enzyme immunoassay and chemiluminescence individually [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Cortisol and Cortisone in Human Saliva by Uplc-MS/MS

Alvi

Hammami

2021

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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Objective: To develop and validate a simple and rapid assay for simultaneous measurement of cortisol and cortisone in human saliva by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Methods: Chromatographic analysis was performed on an Atlantis dC18 column (2.1 x 100 mm, 3 µm) using a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 2 mmol ammonium-acetate (50:50, v; v) that was delivered at a flow rate of 0.3 ml/min. The eluents were monitored using electrospray ionization in the positive ion mode set at transition set of mass-to-charge (m/z): 363.11 → 121.00, 361.18 → 163.11, and 367.19 → 121.24 for cortisol, cortisone and internal standard (IS), respectively the method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, and recovery, according to international guidelines. Results: The retention times of cortisol, cortisone and internal were about 1.38, 1.43 and 1.38 min, respectively. Cortisol level and cortisone level relationship to the ratio of their respective peak-area to IS’s peak-area was linear (range of 0.5-100 ng/ml). Coefficients of variation and inaccuracy were, ≤9.9% and-0.3 to 6.9 for cortisol and ≤8.4 and-1.5 to 4.8 for cortisone, respectively. Extraction recoveries for cortisol, cortisone, and the IS were 90%, 94%, and 98%, respectively. Cortisol and cortisone stability was evaluated in processed saliva samples (stored at room temperature for 24 h) and unprocessed saliva samples (stored at room temperature for 24 h or at-20 °C for 10 w) and after 3 freeze-thaw cycles was ≥ 86%. Conclusion: The proposed method is simple, precise, and accurate for the rapid simultaneous measurement of cortisol and cortisone levels in saliva. The assay was successfully applied to determine levels of cortisol and cortisone in human saliva samples obtained from healthy volunteers.

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Salivary but not plasma cortisone tracks the plasma cortisol response to exercise: effect of time of day

Cited by 16 publications

References 22 publications

The utility of salivary testosterone and cortisol concentration measures for assessing the stress responses of junior athletes during a sporting competition

The utility of salivary testosterone and cortisol concentration measures for assessing the stress responses of junior athletes during a sporting competition

Reduced slow-wave sleep and altered diurnal cortisol rhythms in patients with Addison’s disease

Measurement of Cortisol and Cortisone in Human Saliva by Uplc-MS/MS

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