Salivary Measurement of Deferiprone Concentrations and Correlation with Serum Levels

Pope, Elena; Berkovitch, Matitiahu; Klein, Julia; Fassos, Frank F; Koren, Gideon

doi:10.1097/00007691-199702000-00018

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Severe gingivitis is evident if the patient is subjected to splenectomy [10]. Iron deposits can cause painful inflammation of salivary glands with diminished salivary flow [11]. The colour of gingiva sometimes tends to be dark due to high ferritin levels in the blood.…”

Section: Orofacial Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dental considerations in Thalassemic patients

Madhok¹,

Madhok²

2014

IOSRJDMS

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Section: Orofacial Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If blood transfusions have been carried out since birth, upto 50% of patients may either not present these manifestations or do so in a mild form [11]. Figure 2.…”

Section: Orofacial Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental considerations in Thalassemic patients

Madhok¹,

Madhok²

2014

IOSRJDMS

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“…The salivary iron measurement may be the potential advantage of an easy and non invasive approach in iron deficient and iron overload conditions 4–6. Pharmacokinetic profiles of some drugs such as L1 is an iron chelator has been shown similar in serum and saliva 7. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of iron and ferritin in saliva and serum of patients with thalassemia and iron deficiency anemia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saliva Iron and Ferritin Levels in Patients With Thalassemia and Iron Deficiency Anemia

Canatan

Akdeniz²

2012

Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis

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Most of the techniques for measuring iron stores such as serum iron concentration, iron binding capacity, serum ferritin level, liver biopsy can be troublesome or invasive for patients with thalassemia. The salivary iron measurement could be of potential advantage being an easy and non invasive approach for diagnosis of iron deficiency and iron overload . The aim of this study was to compare the levels of iron and ferritin in saliva and serum of patients affected by thalassemia or iron deficiency anemia. For this purpose, 96 patients with iron overload (71 with thalassemia major, 10 with thalassemia intermedia and 15 with thalassemia trait), 30 patients with iron deficiency anemia, and 35 healthy children as control group were involved in this study. Their saliva and serum iron and ferritin levels were measured. Iron and ferritin levels were higher in iron overload groups than in control group and lower in iron deficiency group (p<0.05). Furthermore serum and saliva iron and ferritin levels paralleled in all groups. In conclusion, iron and ferritin saliva can be routinely used for diagnosis of both iron overload and deficiency; furthermore this procedure may be an important advantage for blood donors being easily available and not invasive.

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“…In this context, L1 can rapidly chelate mononuclear labile forms of toxic iron species, such as non-transferrin-bound iron and intracellular low-molecular-weight iron, as well as other protein-associated forms of iron, from iron-loaded patients ( Figure 2 ) [ 111 ]. Deferiprone is also found in the saliva of treated individuals and is likely to be found in other secretions, including the milk of lactating female patients [ 112 , 113 ]. The rapid absorption of L1 can be affected by interactions with food components, metal ions, and drugs, such as aluminium-containing antacids [ 114 , 115 ].…”

Section: The Pharmacological and Metabolic Properties Of Deferipronementioning

confidence: 99%

The Vital Role Played by Deferiprone in the Transition of Thalassaemia from a Fatal to a Chronic Disease and Challenges in Its Repurposing for Use in Non-Iron-Loaded Diseases

Kontoghiorghes¹

2023

Pharmaceuticals

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The iron chelating orphan drug deferiprone (L1), discovered over 40 years ago, has been used daily by patients across the world at high doses (75–100 mg/kg) for more than 30 years with no serious toxicity. The level of safety and the simple, inexpensive synthesis are some of the many unique properties of L1, which played a major role in the contribution of the drug in the transition of thalassaemia from a fatal to a chronic disease. Other unique and valuable clinical properties of L1 in relation to pharmacology and metabolism include: oral effectiveness, which improved compliance compared to the prototype therapy with subcutaneous deferoxamine; highly effective iron removal from all iron-loaded organs, particularly the heart, which is the major target organ of iron toxicity and the cause of mortality in thalassaemic patients; an ability to achieve negative iron balance, completely remove all excess iron, and maintain normal iron stores in thalassaemic patients; rapid absorption from the stomach and rapid clearance from the body, allowing a greater frequency of repeated administration and overall increased efficacy of iron excretion, which is dependent on the dose used and also the concentration achieved at the site of drug action; and its ability to cross the blood–brain barrier and treat malignant, neurological, and microbial diseases affecting the brain. Some differential pharmacological activity by L1 among patients has been generally shown in relation to the absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, and toxicity (ADMET) of the drug. Unique properties exhibited by L1 in comparison to other drugs include specific protein interactions and antioxidant effects, such as iron removal from transferrin and lactoferrin; inhibition of iron and copper catalytic production of free radicals, ferroptosis, and cuproptosis; and inhibition of iron-containing proteins associated with different pathological conditions. The unique properties of L1 have attracted the interest of many investigators for drug repurposing and use in many pathological conditions, including cancer, neurodegenerative conditions, microbial conditions, renal conditions, free radical pathology, metal intoxication in relation to Fe, Cu, Al, Zn, Ga, In, U, and Pu, and other diseases. Similarly, the properties of L1 increase the prospects of its wider use in optimizing therapeutic efforts in many other fields of medicine, including synergies with other drugs.

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Salivary Measurement of Deferiprone Concentrations and Correlation with Serum Levels

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Dental considerations in Thalassemic patients

Dental considerations in Thalassemic patients

Saliva Iron and Ferritin Levels in Patients With Thalassemia and Iron Deficiency Anemia

The Vital Role Played by Deferiprone in the Transition of Thalassaemia from a Fatal to a Chronic Disease and Challenges in Its Repurposing for Use in Non-Iron-Loaded Diseases

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