Salivary Metabolomics Reveals that Metabolic Alterations Precede the Onset of Schizophrenia

Cui, Gaoping; Qing, Ying; Li, Minghui; Sun, Liya; Zhang, Juan; Feng, Linyin; Li, Jing; Chen, Tianlu; Wang, Jijun; Wan, Chunling

doi:10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00504

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…In this study, the other important pathway, Citrate cycle (TCA cycle) was found promoted in SCZ and associated with cognitive impairment in SCZ, which support the possibility that abnormalities in energy metabolism contribute to SCZ ( 32 ). To be specific, the hypothesis holds that TCA cycle affects inflammatory response and induces blood-brain barrier damage, which lead to the occurrence and development of SCZ and the core symptoms ( 33 – 35 ). Indeed, it has been found that the TCA cycle was abnormal in SCZ compared with HC, which is consistent with our results ( 33 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To be specific, the hypothesis holds that TCA cycle affects inflammatory response and induces blood-brain barrier damage, which lead to the occurrence and development of SCZ and the core symptoms ( 33 – 35 ). Indeed, it has been found that the TCA cycle was abnormal in SCZ compared with HC, which is consistent with our results ( 33 ). While the correlation between TCA cycle and the cognitive level of SCZ still requires further study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma metabolomics of schizophrenia with cognitive impairment: A pilot study

Jiang

Sun²,

Hu³

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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Schizophrenia (SCZ) acts as a complex and burdensome disease, in which the functional outcome can be validly predicted by cognitive impairment, as one of the core features. However, there still lack considerable markers of cognitive deficits in SCZ. Based on metabolomics, it is expected to identify different metabolic characteristics of SCZ with cognitive impairment. In the present study, 17 SCZ patients with cognitive impairment (CI), 17 matched SCZ patients with cognitive normal (CN), and 20 healthy control subjects (HC) were recruited, whose plasma metabolites were measured using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS). The result of metabolic profiling indicated the identification of 46 differentially expressed metabolites between HC, CN, and CI groups, with 7 differentially expressed metabolites between CN and CI groups. Four differential metabolites (imidazolepropionic acid, Homoserine, and Aspartic acid) were repeatedly found in both screenings, by which the formed biomarker panel could discriminate SCZ with cognitive impairment from matched patients (AUC = 0.974) and health control (AUC = 0.841), respectively. Several significant metabolic pathways were highlighted in pathway analysis, involving Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, and Citrate cycle (TCA cycle). In this study, several differentially expressed metabolites were identified in SCZ with cognitive impairment, providing novel insights into clinical treatment strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma metabolomics of schizophrenia with cognitive impairment: A pilot study

Jiang

Sun²,

Hu³

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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“…Oral metabolism disorders often precede the actual onset of schizophrenia, increase with the development of the disease and even could be its causative factor. Cui et al stressed that certain salivary microbiota exhibited disease-specific correlation patterns with symptomatic severities [117]. It might be explained by the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and local immunological imbalance, amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism and xenobiotic degradation.…”

Section: The Relationship Of Thyroid Hormones With the Intensificatio...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Redefining the Cut-Off Ranges for TSH Based on the Clinical Picture, Results of Neuroimaging and Laboratory Tests in Unsupervised Cluster Analysis as Individualized Diagnosis of Early Schizophrenia

Śmierciak

Szwajca

Popiela

et al. 2022

JPM

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Thyroid abnormalities, including mild forms of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, are reported as risk factors for the development of a number of neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. The diagnostic process still takes into account the extreme ranges of the accepted reference values for serum TSH since the concentration of free thyroxine in the serum does not change by definition. TSH mU/L cut-off values in psychiatric patients are currently clinically considered in the case of extremely high serum TSH levels (>4.0 mU/L). The results obtained in this study suggest that the clinically significant value has a lower TSH cut-off point with an upper limit of 2–2.5 mU/L. The criteria for the differential diagnosis of patients with schizophrenia, however, mainly take into account statutory reference ranges without a background related to the history of thyroid diseases in the family. The results indicate the need to lower the upper cut-off values for TSH among patients with early psychosis, which is related to the potential clinical significance of the obtained values both in the field of clinical evaluation and neuroimaging and laboratory evaluation parameters. The cut-off points obtained with the prior available knowledge coincided with the values established in the unsupervised clustering method, which further confirms the legitimacy of their use in the individualized diagnosis strategy of schizophrenia.

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“…The bodily functions, metabolic processes, hormonal changes, and emotional state are all reflected in the saliva. (5) A vast variety of the micro-organisms, several of which are the natural and beneficial supporting oral homeostasis, "peacefully" coexist in the oral cavity. Oral bacteria are impacted directly and indirectly by saliva and its numerous elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Biochemistry Associated with Helicobacter Pylori Positivity in Patients with Chronic Gastritis

Ali¹,

Adil²,

Aqeel³

et al. 2023

PJMHS

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Introduction: Invasive endoscopic-biopsy techniques are most frequently used for the diagnosis and monitoring of chronic gastritis. Finding non-invasive laboratory markers would enable the patient to save money and hassle. Saliva is progressively recognized as the useful non-invasive material of diagnosis because of its critical protective role for the digestive system. Aim: The parameters of biochemical in saliva of chronic gastritis patients (HP- & HP+), comparing their concentrations to those of healthy individuals and establishing correlations between their serum and salivary concentrations with the goal of potentially using the data as the diagnostic tool. Material and method: The study was conducted at the Dept. of Medicine, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan. There were 140 participants in the study, 60 of them had chronic gastritis (mean age, 58.7312.08 years; 44 HP+ and 16 HP-); disease activity was determined by endoscopic, serological, and subjective symptoms. Eighty healthy, non-smoking volunteers (mean age, 56.868.67 years) made up the control group. Saliva and serum that had not been activated were analysed. Total Protein (TPro), Secretory IgA, Albumin (Alb), and Uric Acid (UA), are the variables we examine (sIg A). They are examined using pre-made B.Coulter kits and an ELISA reader from DiaMetra Italy that adapts oral fluid procedures of the Olympus biochemical analyzer. Results: In comparison to the control group, HP+ patients had significantly increased levels of sIgA (p0.0001), Alb (p0.0001), and TP (p=0.0434), but not the UA. For only the UA, we revealed the link between serum/saliva values (r=0.3389) (p=0.011). Endoscopic inflammatory alterations and UA had a moderately negative connection (r=-0.4203, p=0.016). The increased oxidative stress, changed salivary flow rate, and stomach inflammation are hypothesised to be compensated for by these modifications. Practical implication : the parameters of biochemical in saliva of the chronic gastritis patients (HP- and HP+), comparing their concentrations to those of healthy individuals, and establishing correlations between their salivary and serum concentrations in order to potentially utilization of the data as the diagnostic tool Conclusion: The data show that HP+ chronic gastritis results in considerable alterations in salivary parameters. Saliva is a biological material with some limitations, but it is a good indicator of the pathological processes occurring in the digestive tract, particularly when there is an HP+ infection. Keywords: Salivary Biochemistry; Total Protein; Chronic Gastritis; Helicobacter Pylori; HP+

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Salivary Metabolomics Reveals that Metabolic Alterations Precede the Onset of Schizophrenia

Cited by 22 publications

References 53 publications

Plasma metabolomics of schizophrenia with cognitive impairment: A pilot study

Plasma metabolomics of schizophrenia with cognitive impairment: A pilot study

Redefining the Cut-Off Ranges for TSH Based on the Clinical Picture, Results of Neuroimaging and Laboratory Tests in Unsupervised Cluster Analysis as Individualized Diagnosis of Early Schizophrenia

Salivary Biochemistry Associated with Helicobacter Pylori Positivity in Patients with Chronic Gastritis

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