Salivary parameters among chronic alcoholics and non-alcoholic males in Ambala, Haryana - a comparative study

Gupta, Tarun; Veeresha, KL; Teja, Tanvir Singh; Kaur, Dilpreet; Gambhir, Ramandeep Singh

doi:10.15406/jdhodt.2018.09.00412

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It is currently accepted that age, gender and ethnicity play a role in the development of AUD ( Gupta et al, 2018 ; National Institutes of Health, 2021a ) and in discovery of biomarkers ( Tarallo et al, 2018 ; Rosato et al, 2019 ). However, the progress of human civilization now blurs ethnic, gender and age divisions, which thus become less and less relevant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Invasive microRNA Profiling in Saliva can Serve as a Biomarker of Alcohol Exposure and Its Effects in Humans

Mead

Boulghassoul-Pietrzykowska

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Genet.

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Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is one of the most prevalent mental disorders worldwide. Considering the widespread occurrence of AUD, a reliable, cheap, non-invasive biomarker of alcohol consumption is desired by healthcare providers, clinicians, researchers, public health and criminal justice officials. microRNAs could serve as such biomarkers. They are easily detectable in saliva, which can be sampled from individuals in a non-invasive manner. Moreover, microRNAs expression is dynamically regulated by environmental factors, including alcohol. Since excessive alcohol consumption is a hallmark of alcohol abuse, we have profiled microRNA expression in the saliva of chronic, heavy alcohol abusers using microRNA microarrays. We observed significant changes in salivary microRNA expression caused by excessive alcohol consumption. These changes fell into three categories: downregulated microRNAs, upregulated microRNAs, and microRNAs upregulated de novo. Analysis of these combinatorial changes in microRNA expression suggests dysregulation of specific biological pathways leading to impairment of the immune system and development of several types of epithelial cancer. Moreover, some of the altered microRNAs are also modulators of inflammation, suggesting their contribution to pro-inflammatory mechanisms of alcohol actions. Establishment of the cellular source of microRNAs in saliva corroborated these results. We determined that most of the microRNAs in saliva come from two types of cells: leukocytes involved in immune responses and inflammation, and buccal cells, involved in development of epithelial, oral cancers. In summary, we propose that microRNA profiling in saliva can be a useful, non-invasive biomarker allowing the monitoring of alcohol abuse, as well as alcohol-related inflammation and early detection of cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Invasive microRNA Profiling in Saliva can Serve as a Biomarker of Alcohol Exposure and Its Effects in Humans

Mead

Boulghassoul-Pietrzykowska

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Genet.

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show abstract

“…Compared with non- alcoholic patients, alcoholic ones, in the present study and other studies [ 1 , 37 ], had worse oral health indices. Gupta and coworkers [ 38 ] showed lower salivary flow rate and PH in alcoholics than non-alcoholics, which could be the reason for their poor oral health. Similar to Santo and coworkers' study [ 30 ], we also found worse oral health indices in patients addicted to smoked/injected illegal drugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral health status of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus and related factors, Iran: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2021

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Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to be a major global issue. HIV-infected patients commonly experience oral health problems. This study aimed to assess oral health status of the patients and its related factors in Shiraz, Iran. Methods In this cross-sectional study, by using simple random sampling, 250 HIV-infected patients were selected from Shiraz Voluntary Counseling and Testing Center in 2019. Patients' decayed, missing, and filled tooth (DMFT) index, plaque index (PI), and community periodontal index (CPI) were determined. Associations between patients' characteristics and the above-mentioned indices were examined by using Pearson correlation, one-way ANOVA, chi-square, and independent sample T test. The effect of possible confounding factors was controlled by using multiple linear regression and logistic models. Results Of the 222 participants, 111 (50%) had 15 or more missing teeth and 79 (35.6%) were edentulous. Their mean (SD) DMFT and PI were 20.71 (10.74) and 1.11 (0.79), respectively. About 40% of them had healthy gingiva. DMFT (p < 0.001), PI (p < 0.001), and CPI (p = 0.002) were significantly worse in men than women. The patients' DMFT and edentulous status were significantly associated with their age (both p < 0.001) and duration of disease (p = 0.001 and p = 0.008, respectively). Unemployed patients had the worst DMFT, PI, and CPI (all p < 0.001) and the highest percentage of edentulous individuals (p = 0.003). All examined indices were significantly worse in cigarette smokers, alcoholics, addicts, and patients with a previous history of imprisonment (all p < 0.001). The odds ratio of being edentulous was 5.74 times in addicted patients than in non-addicted ones (p < 0.001). The odds increased 0.11 with every year that the patients' age increased (p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression models also showed that the addicted patients had significantly more scores in DMFT index, PI, and CPI (all p < 0.001). Conclusions Overall, oral health status of the HIV-infected patients was unsatisfactory. Therefore, effective interventional programs are needed for prevention and early treatment of dental problems among this population, especially for more vulnerable groups such as older men with low socioeconomic status, and those with high-risk behaviors.

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Salivary parameters among chronic alcoholics and non-alcoholic males in Ambala, Haryana - a comparative study

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Non-Invasive microRNA Profiling in Saliva can Serve as a Biomarker of Alcohol Exposure and Its Effects in Humans

Non-Invasive microRNA Profiling in Saliva can Serve as a Biomarker of Alcohol Exposure and Its Effects in Humans

Oral health status of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus and related factors, Iran: a cross-sectional study

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