Salmonella Infections in Childhood

Bula-Rudas, Fernando; Rathore, Mobeen H.; Maraqa, Nizar

doi:10.1016/j.yapd.2015.04.005

Cited by 124 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 61 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

102

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…S . Typhi is a major health concern in developing countries, where it infects over 21 million people each year, primarily via the fecal-oral route following ingestion of contaminated food and, more commonly, drinking water 4, 5 . S .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interferon-γ in Salmonella pathogenesis: New tricks for an old dog

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Salmonella enterica is a facultative intracellular bacterium that is the leading cause of food borne illnesses in humans. The cytokine IFN-γ has well-established antibacterial properties against Salmonella and other intracellular microbes, for example its capacity to activate macrophages, promote phagocytosis, and destroy phagocytosed microbes by free radical-driven toxification of phagosomes. But IFN-γ induces the expression of hundreds of uncharacterized genes, suggesting that this cytokine deploys additional antimicrobial strategies that await discovery. Recently, one such mechanism, mediated by a family of IFN-inducible small GTPases called Guanylate Binding Proteins (GBPs) has been uncovered. GBPs were shown to facilitate the pyroptotic clearance of Salmonella from infected macrophages by rupturing the protective intracellular vacuole this microbe forms around itself. Once this protective vacuole is lost, exposed Salmonella activates pyroptosis, which destroys the infected cell. In this review, we summarize such emerging roles for IFN-γ in restricting Salmonella pathogenesis.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interferon-γ in Salmonella pathogenesis: New tricks for an old dog

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, it is recommended that blood cultures be performed to detect NTS infections in infants [9]. In this study, however, the patients were children of varying ages, who did not have any significant underlying diseases, such as immune deficiency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features of children with nontyphoidal Salmonella bacteremia: A single institution survey in rural Japan

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) can cause bacterial enterocolitis. Although some children with NTS infection develop bacteremia, its clinical manifestations have not been discussed adequately. Therefore, we examined children with NTS bacteremia. We retrospectively examined the medical records of 15 patients aged less than 15 years. Salmonella spp. were detected in the blood cultures of these patients between 1991 and 2014. We divided an additional sample group of 34 patients diagnosed with an NTS infection between 2005 and 2014, into 2 groups. Group bacteremia (B) included patients in whose blood cultures Salmonella spp. were detected, and group non-bacteremia (NB) included patients in whom Salmonella infection was not detected. We compared each group using Wilcoxon test and Fisher’s exact test. The number of patients with fever, diarrhea, or abdominal pain was 15 (100%), 13 (87%), and 9 (60%), respectively, in the first sample of patients. However, vomiting and bloody stool were observed in only 5 patients (33%). More than 70% of patients exhibited a reduced white blood cell count, while C-reactive protein levels were variable in the patients. Salmonella spp. were detected via stool culture in 10 patients (67%). Diarrhea persisted for more than 4 days more frequently in group B than group NB (p = 0.004). The number of patients whose fever persisted for more than 4 days was significantly higher in group B than group NB (p = 0.030). Therefore, if NTS bacteremia is suspected, blood cultures should be collected and antibiotics should be initiated in cases with diarrhea or fever for more than 4 days. Furthermore, a negative stool culture result does not preclude the possibility of NTS bacteremia.

show abstract

“…The genus Salmonella is composed of Gram-negative facultative anaerobic bacilli classified within the family Enterobacteriaceae (1). Salmonella infections are a major cause of acute gastroenteritis and septicemia (2), and there are many infective routes, such as from feed to animal, from animal to animal, or from human to animal (3).…”

Section: Genome Announcementmentioning

confidence: 99%