Salmonella Kentucky: prevalence and challenges in Nigeria and the Africa continent

Igomu, EE

doi:10.4314/ajcem.v21i4.3

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…This ubiquitous serotype has been closely linked to poultry since 1937 and is now spread in several African countries [ 43 ]. In the current decade in West Africa, the finding of the expansion of Salmonella Kentucky in the poultry sector has also been reported by Igomu et al [ 44 ] and Kagambèga et al [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Characterization of virulence factors of Salmonella isolated from human stools and street food in urban areas of Burkina Faso

et al. 2021

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Background This study was undertaken to identify and functionally characterize virulence genes from Salmonella isolates in street food and stool cultures. From February 2017 to May 2018, clinical and food Salmonella strains were isolated in three regions in Burkina Faso. Salmonella was serotyped according to the White-Kauffmann-Le Minor method, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detec invA, spvR, spvC, fimA and stn virulence genes commonly associated with salmonellosis in Sub-Saharan Africa. Results A total of 106 Salmonella isolates (77 human stools; 14 sandwiches) was analyzed using a serological identification with an O-group test reagent. The presence of Salmonella was confirmed in 86% (91/106) of the samples were reactive (OMA-positive/OMB-positive). Salmonella serogroup O:4,5 was the most common serogroup detected (40%; 36/91). Salmonella Enteritidis and Typhimurium represented 5.5% (5/91) and 3.3% (3/91), respectively and were identified only from clinical isolates. Furthermore, 14 serotypes of Salmonella (12/91 human strains and 2/15 sandwich strains) were evocative of Kentucky/Bargny serotype. For the genetic profile, 66% (70/106) of the Salmonella had invA and stn genes; 77.4% (82/106) had the fimA gene. The spvR gene was found in 36.8% (39/106) of the isolates while 48.1% (51/106) had the spvC gene. Among the identified Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium isolated from stools, the virulence genes detected were invA (3/5) versus (2/3), fimA (4/5) versus (3/3), stn (3/5) versus (2/3), spvR (4/5) versus (2/3) and spvC (3/5) versus (2/3), respectively. Conclusion This study reports the prevalence of Salmonella serotypes and virulence genes in clinical isolates and in street foods. It shows that food could be a significant source of Salmonella transmission to humans. Our results could help decision-making by the Burkina Faso health authority in the fight against street food-related diseases, in particular by training restaurateurs in food hygiene.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Characterization of virulence factors of Salmonella isolated from human stools and street food in urban areas of Burkina Faso

et al. 2021

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“…The total burden of zoonotic salmonellosis in humans or poultry in Nigeria is unknown [ 3 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. NCN serves the Federal Capital Territory and burgeoning neighbourhoods with food, including animal-sourced food.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Nigeria, the burden of zoonotic salmonellosis is unknown in humans or poultry; however, significant research has been produced on salmonellosis in poultry [ 3 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. However, these studies have been concentrated in the extreme north and the southern belt of the country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Persistent Infection of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella in Poultry Farms, North Central Nigeria

et al. 2022

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Salmonellosis is a bacterial zoonosis causing an array of health conditions. Non-typhoidal salmonellosis (NTS) has a discrete adaptation to certain animals; in poultry, pullorum and fowl typhoid are its primary disease manifestations. The diseases are prevalent in Nigerian poultry and have been well-studied in Nigeria, but less so in North Central Nigeria (NCN). Using field sampling, laboratory methods and a semi-structured questionnaire for 1000 poultry farms in NCN, we explored the incidence and risk factors for the persistence of NTS infection in poultry. Approximately 41.6% of the farms had experienced NTS over the last 18 months. Farm experience of NTS moderately predicted awareness of salmonellosis. Increasing stock in smallholder farms, self-mixing of concentrate on the farm, usage of stream water, pen odour, non-adherence and partial adherence of farms to recommended poultry vaccination against pullorum and fowl typhoid and lack of and non-adherence to biosecurity were identified risk factors that increased the odds of NTS infection in poultry. Antibiotic use practice may have reduced the isolation rate of NTS, yet NTS continues to challenge poultry farms in Nigeria. Identified risk practices must be mitigated intentionally and biosecurity and hygiene must be improved to reduce the burden of NTS.

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“…The total burden of zoonotic salmonellosis in humans or poultry in Nigeria is unknown, however, as highlighted earlier, significant research efforts have been made on salmonellosis in poultry in Nigeria [3,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Such studies have been skewed and concentrated in the extreme north and the southern belt of the country.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Persistence Infection of Non-typhoidal Salmonella in Poultry Farms, North-Central Nigeria

Sanni¹,

Onyango²,

Usman³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Salmonellosis is a bacterial zoonosis with array of health conditions. Non-typhoidal salmonellosis (NTS) have a discrete adaptation to certain animals; in poultry, pullorum and fowl typhoid are its primary disease manifestations. The diseases are prevalent in the Nigerian poultry and have been well studied in Nigeria, but less so in the north central Nigeria (NCN). Using field sampling, laboratory methods and semi structured questionnaire in 1000 poultry farms from NCN, we explore the incidence and risk factors for the persistence of NTS infection in poultry. Approximately 41.6% of the farms have experienced NTS but only 6.3% have current infection with NTS. Farm experience of NTS moderately predicted awareness of salmonellosis. Increasing stock in smallholder farms, self-mixing of concentrate on the farm, usage of stream water, pen odour, non-adherence and partial adherence of farms to recommended poultry vaccination against pullorum and fowl typhoid, and lack of and non-adherence to biosecurity were identified risk factors that increased the odds of NTS infection in poultry. Antibiotic use practice may have reduced the isolation rate of NTS, yet NTS continues to challenge poultry farms in Nigeria. Identified risk practices must be mitigated intentionally and biosecurity and hygiene must improve to reduce the burden of NTS.

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Salmonella Kentucky: prevalence and challenges in Nigeria and the Africa continent

Cited by 11 publications

References 55 publications

Characterization of virulence factors of Salmonella isolated from human stools and street food in urban areas of Burkina Faso

Characterization of virulence factors of Salmonella isolated from human stools and street food in urban areas of Burkina Faso

Risk Factors for Persistent Infection of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella in Poultry Farms, North Central Nigeria

Risk Factors for Persistence Infection of Non-typhoidal Salmonella in Poultry Farms, North-Central Nigeria

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