Salt and Water Transport by Gallbladder Epithelium

Reuss, Luis

doi:10.1002/cphy.cp060411

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…"a, and 36C1 are low ( Table 3 ) and approximate values for passive diffusion at cell membranes. For example, Ph, to Na (1.4 X l o p 7 cm s-I) is similar to cell membrane permeability to Na at frog muscle (1.4 x lop7 cm s -' ; Jain, 1972), rabbit urinary bladder ( I x l o p 7 cm s -' ; Lewis and Wills, 1979), and rabbit gallbladder (0.7 x l o p 7 cm s -' ; Reuss, 1979). Ions do not cross brain capillaries by dissolving in and diffusing across the endothelial lipid membrane, because P,, to Na is lo5fold greater than the permeability to Na at bimolecular lipid membranes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Cerebrovascular Permeability Coefficients to Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride

Smith

Rapoport

1986

Journal of Neurochemistry

183

107

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CSF and regional brain concentrations of 42K, 22Na, 36Cl, and [14C]mannitol were determined 3–45 min after intravenous injection of the tracers in pentobarbitalanesthetized rats. Rapid influx of 36Cl and 22Na into ventricular CSF immediately established concentration gradients from CSF to brain extracellular fluid. The CSF contribution to brain uptake of tracers was greatest in periventricular brain regions, where brain 36Cl concentrations were up to ninefold higher than concentrations in regions distant from ventricular CSF. Acetazolamide (20 mg kg−1 i.p.), an inhibitor of CSF formation, decreased 36Cl uptake into CSF and into periventricular brain regions but not into frontal cortex. 36Cl uptake into brain was unidirectional for 10 min after intravenous injection, and, during that period, diffusion from ventricular CSF did not contribute to uptake in the frontal cortex. Therefore, cerebrovascular permeability coefficients could be calculated from tracer concentrations in frontal cortex at 10 min and equaled, in cm s−1, 13.5 × 10−1 for 42K, 1.4 × 10−7 for 22Na, 0.9 × 10−7 for 36Cl, and 1.5 × 10−7 for [14C]mannitol. The low cerebrovascular permeabilities to K, Na, and Cl, comparable to those of some cell membranes, and the permselectivity (K >> Na > Cl) suggest that a signficant fraction of ion transport across cerebral capillaries is transcellular, i.e., across the endothelial cell membrane.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Cerebrovascular Permeability Coefficients to Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride

Smith

Rapoport

1986

Journal of Neurochemistry

183

107

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“…It lacked direct activation by ATP only. In Necturus gallbladder, which has been studied for a long time (33), two types of anion channel have been observed: one of these showed a conductance of about 10 pS (20,24), linear I/V relationship, voltage and Ca 2ϩ independence, activation by PKA, and no inhibition by several anion channel inhibitors including NPPB. The channel identified has similar but not identical characteristics; in fact, its conductance is much lower (2.8 pS), NPPB is effective, and the channel exhibits high permeability to HCO 3 Ϫ .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

An Anion Channel in Guinea Pig Gallbladder Epithelial Cells Is Highly Permeable to HCO−3

Meyer

Garavaglia

Bazzini

et al. 2000

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

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“…27 and 28 for comprehensive reviews). Reuss (27,28) proposed a model of ion transport by the gallbladder epithelium based primarily on data obtained from Necturus and the guinea pig. In the Reuss model, Cl Ϫ is transported in exchange for HCO 3 Ϫ and Na ϩ in exchange for H ϩ into the epithelial cell across the apical membrane.…”

Section: Hepatic Bile Flow and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic versus gallbladder bile composition: in vivo transport physiology of the gallbladder in rainbow trout

Grosell

O’Donnell

Wood

2000

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Ion and water transport across the teleost Oncorhynchus mykiss gallbladder were studied in vivo by comparing flow and composition of hepatic bile, collected by chronic catheter, to volume and composition of terminally collected gallbladder bile. Differences in composition were comparable with those of other vertebrates, whereas bile flow (75 microl. kg(-1). h(-1)) was below values reported for endothermic vertebrates. The gallbladder concentrates bile acids five- to sevenfold and exhibits higher net Cl(-) than Na(+) transport in vivo, in contrast to the 1:1 transport ratio from gallbladders under saline/saline conditions. Transepithelial potential (TEP) in the presence of bile, at the apical surface, was -13 mV (bile side negative) but +1.5 mV in the presence of saline. Bile acid in the apical saline reversed the TEP, presumably by a Donnan effect. We propose that ion transport across the gallbladder in vivo involves backflux of Na(+) from blood to bile resulting in higher net Cl(-) than Na(+) flux. This Na(+) backflux is driven by a bile side negative TEP and low Na(+) activity in bile due to the complexing effects of bile acids.

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Salt and Water Transport by Gallbladder Epithelium

Cited by 10 publications

References 121 publications

Cerebrovascular Permeability Coefficients to Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride

Cerebrovascular Permeability Coefficients to Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride

An Anion Channel in Guinea Pig Gallbladder Epithelial Cells Is Highly Permeable to HCO−3

Hepatic versus gallbladder bile composition: in vivo transport physiology of the gallbladder in rainbow trout

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