Salt as a New Colored Solid Model for Simulation Surgery

Abstract

The material cost of the salt model is extremely low, and the salt model may provide a more accurate sensation of cutting human bone. Thus, this model is useful for both simulated operation and practice for inexperienced surgeons.

Surgical applications of three-dimensional printing: a review of the current literature & how to get started

“…In addition to the materials already discussed, however, it is worth noting the use of materials novel to 3D printing. In a study by Okumoto et al, 2015, craniofacial bone models were printed with salt by a 3D inkjet printer (17). Their goal was to create a 3D printed bone model that closely represented the tactile sensation of human bone when cut.…”

“…In oral and maxillofacial surgery, there has also been work to create models that accurately recreate tactile feedback, as previously mentioned, in this study a mandibular model was printed from salt (17).…”

Three‐dimensional printing in oral and maxillofacial surgery: Current landscape and future directions

“…Of the handful of studies directly comparing 3D printed models of head and neck structures to corresponding cadaveric and animal specimens, all report realistic mechanical and handling properties. [104][105][106][107] Other advantages of 3D printed models compared with existing simulation technologies include lower cost and greater customisability. 105 Currently, 3D printed models for surgical training in oral and maxillofacial surgery have mainly focussed on replicating bone, with polycarbonate materials probably representing the best compromise between anatomical and mechanical accuracy, visual and surface appearance and production cost.…”

“…3D printed models are also being used for procedural training across a range of oral and maxillofacial surgery procedures, including third molar surgery, maxillary sinus lifts, mandibular reconstructions, skull base surgery, craniofacial surgery and facial trauma 98–103 with many more applications feasible. Of the handful of studies directly comparing 3D printed models of head and neck structures to corresponding cadaveric and animal specimens, all report realistic mechanical and handling properties 104–107 . Other advantages of 3D printed models compared with existing simulation technologies include lower cost and greater customisability 105 .…”