Sample preparation procedures for analysis of organochlorinated pollutants and PAHs in surface water samples

Abstract

This review focuses on sample preparation procedures used for chromatographic analysis of the most common organochlorinated pollutants and PAHs in water samples. The studied pollutants have a long persistence in environment, possible carcinogenic effects, and their application has been banned in many countries. The standard ISO procedures with the modern sample preparation procedures were compared in the term of recovery effectiveness for target analytes.

Multiple headspace sampling coupled to a programmed temperature vaporizer – Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and saliva

“…Many works can be found for the determination of PAHs in water [9,10], however, considering the hazard that this class of compounds represent to human beings [11], the development of new and better ways to determine their amount and presence in biological samples is of paramount importance [12]. Urine is one of the most available, yet noninvasive, human samples that can be rapidly collected and processed.…”

Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction Headspace Sampling in Gas ChromatographyMass Spectrometric Analysis of Volatiles: Application to Separation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

“…Depending on the analyte and the instrumental technique, different sample preparation protocols had been introduced and developed. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Solid phase extraction (SPE), with advantages of using a lower volume of the sample solution and organic solvents, became a good replacement for tedious classical liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). 9 SPE is a multistep sample preparation technique, and the volume of solvents used is still considerable, and a final solvent exchange or volume reduction is required.…”