São Francisco river Integration Project, Eastern Axis: losses analysis and performance indicators

Abstract

Water scarcity is an old problem in the brazilian Northeast semiarid region and limits the economic and social development of the region. To mitigate negative impacts of this situation, the National Integration Ministry elaborated the São Francisco River Integration Project (PISF). The State of Paraíba will benefit from this project through the East Axis and West Axis water transposition systems' from the São Francisco river. The Paraíba riverbasin will receive the waters of the São Francisco river through the Eastern Axis, since the project foresees that, from the city of Monteiro-PB, the water will be transported through the bed of the Paraíba river. This type of transport will cause high water losses. The present work analyzes water distribution scenarios in terms of water losses, which were simulated with the Acquanet model. The first scenario simulates the current situation, without water transposition of PISF, and the other ones evaluate different ways of distributing the waters of the East Axis among the Paraíba river bed and different pipelines construction scenarios. The results have shown that the construction of pipelines will reduce water losses and increase social gain, through the increase of the benefited population.

A review of potential factors promoting fish movement in inter‐basin water transfers, with emergent patterns from a trait‐based risk analysis for a large‐scale project in china

“…sources (notable recent projects within the last decade: the Southto-North Water Diversion in China, the National River Linking Plan of India, the São Francisco River Integration Project in Brazil) (Farias, Curi, & Diniz, 2017;Lakra, Sarkar, Dubey, Sani, & Pandey, 2011;OSNWDPCC, 2016). Forecasts predict that a rising world population and associated water stress may lead to future IBT implementation, particularly in semi-arid and populous regions (Kibiiy & Ndambuki, 2015;WWAP, 2015).…”

Reservoir operation in the context of inter-basin water transfer

“…The increase in demand, i.e., a higher withdrawal flow from the reservoirs, elicits a reduction in losses from evaporation and water spillage. This better use of the reservoir is also known as water synergy (Farias et al, 2017;Silva et al, 2017).…”

“…One aspect that can be considered when choosing between Scenarios 3 and 4 is the transit losses in the channels, either from evaporation or uncontrolled withdrawals. Notably, transit losses along rivers and channels can be significant (Brito et al, 2019;Farias, et al, 2017).…”

“…Calculating the amount of water to be transferred efficiently will help maximise use of the diverted water and reservoir, reducing losses and making water more available. This characteristic is known as water synergy, which entails better use of reservoir water that was not allocated before the addition of exogenous flows and was lost to spills and evaporation (Aragão, 2008;Farias et al, 2017;Pufal et al, 2019).…”

“…both donor and receiver reservoirs was considerate (Peng et al, 2015;Zeng et al, 2014) to analyse the amount of water diverted from one reservoir to another (Zhu et al, 2014). In optimisation, studies can apply fuzzy logic (Sadegh et al, 2010), two-level analysis optimisation (Guo et al, 2012;Zhu et al, 2017), or a genetic algorithm (Zhu et al, 2014), among other methods (Silva et al, 2017;Pufal et al, 2019;Farias et al, 2017).…”