Sarcopenia Prevalence and Risk Factors among Japanese Community Dwelling Older Adults Living in a Snow-Covered City According to EWGSOP2

Su, Ya; Hirayama, Kengo; Han, Tianfang; Izutsu, Miku; Yuki, Michiko

doi:10.3390/jcm8030291

Cited by 70 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Muscle atrophy is also a cardinal element in the development of sarcopenia, also called muscle failure [ 36 ], a degenerative neuromuscular disease that involves significant muscle atrophy, loss of muscle strength, and physical dysfunction [ 37 ]. Sarcopenia is recognized as a major public health problem, given its association with an increased risk for disability, institutionalization, and death [ 38 , 39 ], with high prevalence in older adults [ 40 , 41 , 42 ] and in people with premature aging [ 43 ]. Moreover, sarcopenia is associated with high healthcare costs (e.g., hospitalization, nursing home admissions), representing $18.5 billion for the United States Government in 2000 [ 44 ].…”

Section: Age-related Muscle Atrophy Sarcopenia and Frailtymentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein Intake and Frailty: A Matter of Quantity, Quality, and Timing

et al. 2020

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Frailty is a geriatric syndrome that refers to a state of reduced resiliency to stressful events that occurs in response to physiological and/or psychosocial detriments. Frailty is a predictor of poor prognosis, given that frail older adults are at higher risk of many adverse health-related events. Hence, the identification of potential strategies to prevent the development and progression of frailty is of extreme importance for avoiding its negative outcomes. An adequate protein consumption is advocated as a possible intervention for the management of frailty in older adults due to its effects on muscle mass and physical function. However, empirical evidence is still needed to support this proposition. On the other hand, substantial evidence from observational studies has provided important information on the association between frailty and dietary protein-related parameters. Here, we provide a narrative review of the current literature regarding the association between protein intake (amount (how much?), quality (what type?), and distribution across meals (when?)) and frailty-related parameters. The ultimate aim of this work is to offer practical, evidence-based indications to healthcare professionals responsible for the care of frail older adults.

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Section: Age-related Muscle Atrophy Sarcopenia and Frailtymentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein Intake and Frailty: A Matter of Quantity, Quality, and Timing

et al. 2020

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“…To date, information about the prevalence of probable sarcopenia, defined by low muscle strength according to the latest guidelines of the EWGSOP is rare, especially in oldest old men, and not evaluated yet for community living, non-hospitalized women [20][21][22][23]. The primary objective of this study was, therefore, to provide data regarding the prevalence of probable sarcopenia in older, community-living women and men in Switzerland.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of probable sarcopenia in community-dwelling older Swiss people – a cross-sectional study

et al. 2020

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Background: The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People has recently defined new criteria for identifying "(probable) sarcopenia" (EWGSOP2). However, the prevalence of probable sarcopenia, defined by these guidelines, has not been determined extensively, especially in the oldest old. This study aims to determine the prevalence of probable sarcopenia in older, community-living people and its association with strength-related determinants. Methods: Handgrip strength and reported determinants (age, height, weight, osteoarthritis of hands, medications, fall history, physical activity, activities of daily living (ADL) and global cognitive function) were collected in a crosssectional study of 219 community-living Swiss people (75 years and over). Probable sarcopenia was estimated based on cutoff values for handgrip strength as recommended by EWGSOP2. Spearman correlations, binary-regression analyses and contingency tables were used to explore relationships between variables. Results: The prevalence of probable sarcopenia in women (n = 137, age 84.1 ± 5.7 years) and men (n = 82, age 82.6 ± 5.2 years) was 26.3 and 28.0%, respectively. In women, probable sarcopenia correlated positively with age and falls (r s range 0.332-0.195, p < .05), and negatively with weight, cognition, physical activity, using stairs regularly, participating in sports activities and ADL performance (r s range = − 0.141-0.409, p < .05). The only significant predictor of probable sarcopenia at the multivariate level was ADL performance (Wald(1) = 5.51, p = .019). In men, probable sarcopenia was positively correlated with age (r s = 0.33, p < .05) and negatively with physical activity, participation in sports and ADL performance (r s range − 0.221-− 0.353, p < .05). ADL performance and age (Wald(1) = 4.46, p = .035 and Wald(1) = 6.30, p = .012) were the only significant predictors at the multivariate level. Men and women with probable sarcopenia were 2.8 times more likely to be dependent in ADL than those without. Conclusion: Probable sarcopenia affected one in every four community-living, oldest old people and was independently associated with impaired ADL performance in both sexes. This highlights the importance of detection of handgrip strength in this age group in clinical practice. Although prospective studies are required, independence in ADL might help to protect against probable sarcopenia.

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“…There is currently no universally recognized definition of sarcopenia, and reports reveal that with the application of different definitions to the same population, prevalence estimates vary by up to 40%. 2,7,[9][10][11][12][13] Baumgartner et al 14 initially defined sarcopenia as age-associated loss of muscle mass. Subsequently, the importance of muscle strength and performance in association with health outcomes in the elderly led to a change in the definition for sarcopenia to consider low muscle mass in combination with either low grip strength or low gait speed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 However, little is known whether the variance would be reduced when multiple definitions are applied for one sample of individuals. There are papers that have already compared with the two EWGSOP definitions 19,13 and ones that have compared between the original EWGSOP definitions with the FNIH definition. 2 These papers have also compared agreement between the definitions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Definition‐specific prevalence estimates for sarcopenia in an Australian population: the Geelong Osteoporosis Study

Sui

Holloway‐Kew

Hyde

et al. 2020

JCSM Clinical Reports

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BackgroundWe aimed to compare prevalence estimates for sarcopenia in an Australian sample of older men and women by using different criteria.MethodsWomen (n = 323) and men (n = 342) aged 60–96 years from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study were included. Handgrip strength (HGS) was measured by dynamometer (Jamar or Vernier) and appendicular lean mass (ALM) by whole‐body densitometry (Lunar). Sarcopenia definitions included European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) 1, EWGSOP2, and US Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH). Sarcopenia was identified as low HGS and low ALM/height2 or low muscle performance, and low HGS and low ALM/body mass index (BMI). Prevalence estimates were standardized to the Australian population and agreement between definitions assessed using the Cohen kappa statistic (κ).ResultsLow HGS was identified in 13.7–29.9% of women and 2.1–14.1% of men. Low ALM/height2 was identified in 7.1–11.8% of women and 6.0–8.4% of men, while 21.7% of women and 21.1% of men had low ALM/BMI. Mean age‐standardized prevalence estimates for sarcopenia were 5.9% (95% confidence interval 3.4–8.4) for women and 2.9% (1.9–4.0) for men (EWGSOP1), 2.3% (1.1–3.4) for women and 0.5% (0.2–0.9) for men (EWGSOP2), and 4.0% (2.1–5.8) for women and 1.1% (0.6–1.5) for men (FNIH). There was moderate agreement between EWGSOP1 and EWGSOP2 (κ = 0.58 women, 0.30 men) and poor agreement between FNIH and EWGSOP1 (κ = 0.16 women, 0.12 men) and EWGSOP2 (κ = 0.19 women, 0 men).ConclusionsSarcopenia prevalence differed according to definition applied. Point estimates for sarcopenia prevalence according to EWGSOP2 identified fewer individuals than EWGSOP1, with FNIH estimates between the two; however, there were overlapping 95% confidence intervals across definitions.

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Sarcopenia Prevalence and Risk Factors among Japanese Community Dwelling Older Adults Living in a Snow-Covered City According to EWGSOP2

Cited by 70 publications

References 53 publications

Protein Intake and Frailty: A Matter of Quantity, Quality, and Timing

Protein Intake and Frailty: A Matter of Quantity, Quality, and Timing

Prevalence of probable sarcopenia in community-dwelling older Swiss people – a cross-sectional study

Definition‐specific prevalence estimates for sarcopenia in an Australian population: the Geelong Osteoporosis Study

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