SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19): What Do We Know About Children? A Systematic Review

Mehta, Nisha; Mytton, Oliver; Mullins, Edward; Fowler, Tom; Falconer, Catherine; Murphy, Órla; Langenberg, Claudia; Jayatunga, Wikum; Eddy, Danielle; Nguyen‐Van‐Tam, Jonathan S

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3558015

Cited by 100 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…However, cases of ADEM associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection to date, including two in this study, have been described in adults ( Abdi et al, 2020 , Demirci Otluoglu et al, 2020 , Parsons et al, 2020 , Zanin et al, 2020 ). This discrepancy may reflect the fact that children with COVID-19 are more likely to be asymptomatic or have mild-to-moderate illness ( Mehta et al, 2020a , Rajapakse and Dixit, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrospinal fluid findings in neurological diseases associated with COVID-19 and insights into mechanisms of disease development

Espíndola

Brandão

Gomes

et al. 2021

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

104

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Highlights Patients with COVID-19 and neurological manifestations have diverse CSF profiles. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the cerebrospinal fluid is infrequent. Oligoclonal bands are found in CSF of COVID-19 patients with neurological diseases. CNS inflammation promotes neuronal injury in patients with COVID-19. CSF levels of NfL is elevated in inflammatory neurological diseases in COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 replication in CNS may trigger the infiltration by immune cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrospinal fluid findings in neurological diseases associated with COVID-19 and insights into mechanisms of disease development

Espíndola

Brandão

Gomes

et al. 2021

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

104

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“…Systematic analysis of published data between December 2019 and March 2020 suggests that although children are as susceptible as the elderly in getting infected with SARS‐CoV‐2, they show milder symptoms and less severe disease [49–51]. Additionally, PCR analysis of samples obtained from patients in different age groups suggests very similar viral loads among infected individuals.…”

Section: Discussion and Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS‐CoV‐2 spike glycoprotein‐binding proteins expressed by upper respiratory tract bacteria may prevent severe viral infection

Ebrahimi

2020

FEBS Letters

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has become a major global challenge. The virus infects host cells using its spike glycoprotein (S‐protein) and has significantly higher infectivity and mortality rates among the aged population. Here, based on bioinformatic analysis, I provide evidence that some members of the upper respiratory tract (URT) commensal bacteria express viral S‐protein ‐binding proteins. Based on this analysis and available data showing a decline in the population of these bacteria in the elderly, I propose that some URT commensal bacteria hamper SARS‐CoV‐2 infectivity and that a decline in the population of these bacteria contributes to the severity of infection. Further studies should provide a better understanding of the interaction of URT bacteria and SARS‐CoV‐2, which may lead to new therapeutic approaches.

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“…SARS-CoV-2 is a single stranded RNA virus that can cause a severe respiratory syndrome [ 19 ]. Fever and cough are the most common symptoms; additional non-specific symptoms include dyspnea, myalgia or fatigue and lymphopenia, while vomiting and diarrhea are less commonly observed [ 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Systemic reviews of COVID-19 in pediatric patients suggests that the clinical course of SARS CoV-2 infection in children is milder than in adults [ 12 , 19 , 20 ]. However, the impact of this infection on the clinical status of children with an inborn metabolic disorder is not well known [ 16 , 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 infection in a patient with propionic acidemia

Caciotti

Procopio

Pochiero

et al. 2020

Orphanet J Rare Dis

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We describe a 14-month-old boy, with a previous diagnosis of propionic acidemia (PA) by expanded newborn screening, who, admitted for a suspected metabolic crisis, tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Since propionic acidemia was diagnosed, the patient has followed the recommended diet for this inborn error of metabolism. Although propionic acidemia patients are at a high risk of suffering metabolic crises, frequently associated with permanent clinical complications, psychomotor development of this patient was normal. The SARS-CoV-2 infection (at about 1 year of age) caused the patient’s first metabolic crisis. However, his clinical course was in keeping with a mild clinical form of COVID-19, and he recovered without experiencing severe clinical consequences. We describe this patient in order to improve the knowledge about follow up of PA patients identified by newborn screening and to increase the limited number of reports of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children with comorbidities, especially inborn errors of metabolism.

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SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19): What Do We Know About Children? A Systematic Review

Abstract: Initial reports from China observed low rates of COVID-19 in children compared to adults. Emerging evidence suggests that children may be infected at the same rate as adults but are more likely to experience asymptomatic or mild disease.

Cited by 100 publications

References 21 publications

Cerebrospinal fluid findings in neurological diseases associated with COVID-19 and insights into mechanisms of disease development

Cerebrospinal fluid findings in neurological diseases associated with COVID-19 and insights into mechanisms of disease development

SARS‐CoV‐2 spike glycoprotein‐binding proteins expressed by upper respiratory tract bacteria may prevent severe viral infection

SARS-CoV-2 infection in a patient with propionic acidemia

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