Fluorescence
sensing is limited in practical applications
owing
to multiple autofluorescent substances in complex biological samples
such as serum. In this paper, the luminescence decay effect of persistent
luminescent nanoparticles (PLNPs) was used to avoid the interference
of autofluorescence in complex biological samples, and a non-autofluorescence
molecularly imprinted polymer aptamer sensor (MIP-aptasensor) was
designed to detect H5N1 virus. The proposed MIP-aptasensor consists
of a magnetic MIP and aptamer-functionalized persistent luminescent
nanoparticle Zn2GeO4:Mn2+-H5N1 aptamer
(ZGO-H5N1 Apt). Upon simultaneous recognition of H5N1 virus, strong
persistent luminescent signal changes were produced. Using the unique
luminescent characteristics of PLNPs and the high selectivity of imprinted
polymers and aptamers, the designed MIP-aptasensor effectively eliminates
the autofluorescence background interference of serum samples and
realizes the non-autofluorescence detection of H5N1 virus with high
sensitivity (a limit of detection of 0.0128 HAU mL–1, 1.16 fM) and selectivity (the imprinting factor for the target
H5N1 virus was 6.72). This tool provides a strategy for the design
of sensors and their application in complex biological samples.