Satellite-Based Precipitation Estimation for Hydropower Development

Tamrakar, Bijaya; Alfredsen, Knut

doi:10.3126/hn.v12i0.9033

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In contrast, TRMM precipitation product underestimated the gauge observation over the Himalayan region of the country. Tamrakar and Alfredsen (2013) evaluated TRMM (3B42) for hydrological application and found that TRMM product can be used for runoff simulations over Nepal. A study over multiple complex terrain regions found that GSMaP V07 was able to detect the orographic rainfall and the rainfall amounts and outperforms IMERG V06B in Nepal with evaluation against limited stations (Derin et al, 2019), whereas evaluation based on large‐scale station network revealed that GSMaP‐Gauge product was more consistent with reproducing spatial pattern while IMERG product was more reasonable to reproduce precipitation amount over the country (Sharma, Chen, et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Accurately Can Satellite Products (TMPA and IMERG) Detect Precipitation Patterns, Extremities, and Drought Across the Nepalese Himalaya?

Sharma

Khadka

Hamal

et al. 2020

Earth and Space Science

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This study aims to assess the accuracy of two satellite‐based precipitation products (SBPPs), that is, Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM)‐based Multi‐satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) and its upgraded version Integrated Multi‐Satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG), in capturing spatial and temporal variation of precipitation and their application for extreme events (high‐intensity precipitation and drought). They were evaluated against 142‐gauge stations from Nepal during 2001–2018. The results show that, in general, both SBPPs show the overall characteristics of precipitation patterns, although underestimated the mean annual precipitation during the study period. It was also noted that IMERG product yields better performance to detect precipitation events (probability of detection) and no‐precipitation events (false alarm ratio) than TMPA. Based on four different extreme precipitation indices: heavy precipitation events (R10mm), extreme precipitation events (R25mm), five consecutive dry days (CDD), and five consecutive wet days (CWD), it was observed that the SBPPs underestimated the frequency of R25mm and CDD spells while overestimated R10mm and CWD spells. Additionally, both SBPPs exhibited considerable capabilities in capturing the drought events during the study period. Overall, the drought event, bias, and frequency show that the IMERG product has slightly better capabilities to capture drought than the TMPA product. In general, IMERG was found to be superior at a daily timescale, while TMPA shows consistent performance on a monthly scale during the study period. Furthermore, there is still space for further improvement of IMERG rainfall retrieval algorithms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Accurately Can Satellite Products (TMPA and IMERG) Detect Precipitation Patterns, Extremities, and Drought Across the Nepalese Himalaya?

Sharma

Khadka

Hamal

et al. 2020

Earth and Space Science

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“…Highly varied topography and a large elevation gradient over a short latitudinal distance in Nepal have given rise to a distinct climate over a small area, producing several physiographic zones (Fig. 1), with larger variation in precipitation pattern (Tamrakar and Alfredsen 2013). Southeasterly monsoon arriving from the Bay of Bengal dominates overall climate of Nepal, providing 80% of annual precipitation during summer months from June to September (Shrestha and Aryal 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vulnerability and impacts of climate change on forest and freshwater wetland ecosystems in Nepal: A review

Lamsal

Kumar

Atreya

et al. 2017

Ambio

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Climate change (CC) threatens ecosystems in both developed and developing countries. As the impacts of CC are pervasive, global, and mostly irreversible, it is gaining worldwide attention. Here we review vulnerability and impacts of CC on forest and freshwater wetland ecosystems. We particularly look at investigations undertaken at different geographic regions in order to identify existing knowledge gaps and possible implications from such vulnerability in the context of Nepal along with available adaptation programs and national-level policy supports. Different categories of impacts which are attributed to disrupting structure, function, and habitat of both forest and wetland ecosystems are identified and discussed. We show that though still unaccounted, many facets of forest and freshwater wetland ecosystems of Nepal are vulnerable and likely to be impacted by CC in the near future. Provisioning ecosystem services and landscape-level ecosystem conservation are anticipated to be highly threatened with future CC. Finally, the need for prioritizing CC research in Nepal is highlighted to close the existing knowledge gap along with the implementation of adaptation measures based on existing location specific traditional socio-ecological system.

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“…Climatic regimes similarly vary from subtropical in the southern plains to the alpine in the high mountains [18]. Large variation of precipitation occurs even over small distances due to highly undulating surface topography with high mountains and deep valleys [21]. Analysis of observed precipitation data in Nepal is very limited and one of the reasons for this is the relatively short period of data availability [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Variability of Rainfall in the Gandaki River Basin of Nepal Himalaya

Panthi

Dahal

Shrestha

et al. 2015

Climate

128

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Landslides, floods, and droughts are recurring natural disasters in Nepal related to too much or too little water. The summer monsoon contributes more than 80% of annual rainfall, and rainfall spatial and inter-annual variation is very high. The Gandaki River, one of the three major rivers of Nepal and one of the major tributaries of the Ganges River, covers all agro-ecological zones in the central part of Nepal. Time series tests were applied for different agro-ecological zones of the Gandaki River Basin (GRB) for rainfall trends of four seasons (pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon and winter) from 1981 to 2012. OPEN ACCESSClimate 2015, 3 211The non-parametric Mann-Kendall and Sen's methods were used to determine the trends. Decadal anomalies relative to the long-term average were analyzed using the APHRODITE precipitation product. Trends in number of rainy days and timing of the monsoon were also analyzed. We found that the post-monsoon, pre-monsoon and winter rainfalls are decreasing significantly in most of the zones but monsoon rainfall is increasing throughout the basin. In the hill region, the annual rainfall is increasing but the rainy days do not show any trend. There is a tendency toward later departure of monsoon from Nepal, indicating an increase in its duration. These seasonally and topographically variable trends may have significant impacts for the agriculture and livestock smallholders that form the majority of the population in the GRB.

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Satellite-Based Precipitation Estimation for Hydropower Development

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

How Accurately Can Satellite Products (TMPA and IMERG) Detect Precipitation Patterns, Extremities, and Drought Across the Nepalese Himalaya?

How Accurately Can Satellite Products (TMPA and IMERG) Detect Precipitation Patterns, Extremities, and Drought Across the Nepalese Himalaya?

Vulnerability and impacts of climate change on forest and freshwater wetland ecosystems in Nepal: A review

Spatial and Temporal Variability of Rainfall in the Gandaki River Basin of Nepal Himalaya

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