Satiation causes within-session decreases in instrumental responding.

Bizo, Lewis A.; Богданов, Сергей Викторович; Killeen, Peter R.

doi:10.1037/0097-7403.24.4.439

Cited by 52 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Therefore, McSweeney and her colleagues concluded that satiety variables other than habituation affect absolute response rates but contribute little to within-session decreases in responding. Recently, Killeen and his colleagues (Bizo et al, 1998;DeMarse et al, 1999) criticized this conclusion and argued that satiation contributes to within-session decreases. However, all of the results that they present are also compatible with the habituation theory (for more detailed discussion, see McSweeney & Murphy, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Habituation may contribute to within-session decreases in responding under high-rate schedules of reinforcement

Aoyama

McSweeney

2001

Animal Learning & Behavior

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Two experiments tested the hypothesis that habituation contributes to within-session decreases in responding. In Experiment 1, rats' leverpressing was reinforced under a fixed ratio (FR) 4 schedule throughout the baseline sessions. During the dishabituation sessions, the first 21 min and the last 21 min were FR 4; dishabituating events occurred during the middle 3 min. The dishabituating events altered the manner of reinforcer delivery in four different ways. Response rates increased after all dishabituating events. In Experiment 2, rats responded on several FR and variable ratio (VR) schedules. The ratio requirement varied from 3 to 15. Within-session decreasesin responding were steeper during FR schedules than during VR schedules. In addition, response rates were well described as linear functions of cumulative number of food pellets eaten within sessions. These results support the habituation hypothesis but do not rule out the possibility that other satiety variables might contribute simultaneously.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first argues that these changes are produced by arousal followed by satiation (Bizo, Bogdanov, & Killeen, 1998; DeMarse, Killeen, & Baker, 1999;Killeen, 1995). According to this satiation hypothesis, as the session progresses, the animal gradually becomes more aroused and then more sated.…”

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confidence: 99%

Habituation may contribute to within-session decreases in responding under high-rate schedules of reinforcement

Aoyama

McSweeney

2001

Animal Learning & Behavior

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“…Debate has been heated on this issue. Although some authors believe that the establishing operation is arousal-satiation (Bizo, Bogdanov, & Killeen, 1998;DeMarse, Killeen, & Baker, 1999;Hinson & Tennison, 1999;Palya & Walter, 1997) Mook (1996) identified factors in the mouth, stomach (e.g., distention), intestine (e.g., cholecystokinin), and liver (e.g., blood sugar level as measured at the liver) as satiety factors for eating. Mook also identified oral stimulation, stomach filling, and cellular hydration as satiety factors for drinking.…”

Section: Changes In Reinforcer Effectiveness Produce Within-session Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Habituation may help to explain the termination of a behavior that is usually attributed to a different variable. For example, if I asked you why you stopped eating (an ingestive behavior), you would probably say that you were full (satiated; e.g., Bizo et al, 1998). If I asked you why you stopped running (an energetic response), you would probably say that you were tired (fatigued; e.g., Belke, 1997).…”

Section: Separating Satiation and Habituationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic changes in reinforcer effectiveness: Satiation and habituation have different implications for theory and practice

McSweeney

2004

BEHAV ANALYST

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Reinforcers lose their effectiveness when they are presented repeatedly. Early researchers labeled this loss of effectiveness as satiation without conducting an experimental analysis. When such an analysis is conducted, habituation provides a more precise and empirically accurate label for the changes in reinforcer effectiveness. This paper reviews some of the data that suggest that habituation occurs to repeatedly presented reinforcers. It also argues that habituation has surprisingly different implications than satiation for theory and practice in behavior analysis. For example, postulating that habituation occurs to repeatedly presented reinforcers suggests ways for maintaining the strength of an existing reinforcer and for weakening the strength of a problematic reinforcer that differ from those implied by an account in terms of satiation. An habituation account may also lead to different ways of conceptualizing the regulation of behavior. For example, habituation may be a singleprocess contributor to the termination of behaviors that are usually attributed to satiation (e.g., ingestive behaviors such as eating and drinking), fatigue (e.g., energetic behaviors such as running), the waning of attention (e.g., cognitive behaviors such as studying), and pharmacodynamic factors (e.g., drug taking).

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“…The latter served to examine the reinforcing effects of the cues themselves. The procedures used in these experiments were identical to those used in Experiment 1 with the following exceptions: (1) rats in Experiment 2 received approximately 30 sucrose pellets in their home cage for three days before sucrose reinforcement training in order to familiarize them with the pellets; (2) no surgery was performed on the rats from either experiment; and (3) the training, extinction, and test sessions in both experiments were only 30 min in duration to avoid satiation found with longer training sessions (Bizo et al, 1998) and to attain a comparable number of cue presentations per session as Experiment 1. In addition, rats in Experiment 3 were matched to sucrose rats when they transitioned from food-restriction to ad libitum access in the home cage.…”

Section: Experiments 2 and 3: Reinstatement After Training With Sucromentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Cues Reinstate Cocaine-Seeking Behavior and Induce Fos Protein Expression as Effectively as Conditioned Cues

Bastle

Kufahl

Turk

et al. 2012

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Cue reinstatement of extinguished cocaine-seeking behavior is a widely used model of cue-elicited craving in abstinent human addicts. This study examined Fos protein expression in response to cocaine cues or to novel cues as a control for activation produced by test novelty. Rats were trained to self-administer cocaine paired with either a light or a tone cue, or received yoked saline and cue presentations, and then underwent daily extinction training. They were then tested for reinstatement of extinguished cocaine-seeking behavior elicited by response-contingent presentations of either the cocaine-paired cue or a novel cue (that is, tone for those trained with a light or vice versa). Surprisingly, conditioned and novel cues both reinstated responding and increased Fos similarly in most brain regions. Exceptions included the anterior cingulate, which was sensitive to test cue modality in saline controls and the dorsomedial caudate-putamen, where Fos was correlated with responding in the novel, but not conditioned, cue groups. In subsequent experiments, we observed a similar pattern of reinstatement in rats trained and tested for sucrose-seeking behavior, whereas rats trained and tested with the cues only reinstated to a novel, and not a familiar, light or tone. The results suggest that novel cues reinstate responding to a similar extent as conditioned cues regardless of whether animals have a reinforcement history with cocaine or sucrose, and that both types of cues activate similar brain circuits. Several explanations as to why converging processes may drive drug and novel cue reinforcement and seeking behavior are discussed.

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Satiation causes within-session decreases in instrumental responding.

Cited by 52 publications

References 59 publications

Habituation may contribute to within-session decreases in responding under high-rate schedules of reinforcement

Habituation may contribute to within-session decreases in responding under high-rate schedules of reinforcement

Dynamic changes in reinforcer effectiveness: Satiation and habituation have different implications for theory and practice

Novel Cues Reinstate Cocaine-Seeking Behavior and Induce Fos Protein Expression as Effectively as Conditioned Cues

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