Satisfação com o peso corporal e fatores associados em estudantes do ensino médio

Abstract

Body satisfaction and associated factors among high school students ABstrActObjective: To analyze body satisfaction among students and its possible associations with nutritional status, sociodemographic factors, life style and health perception.Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled students aged 15 to 20 years of public schools from the city of Caruaru, Northeast Brazil. Anthropometric, socio-demographic, life style and health perception, sleep, stress and body image variables were evaluated. The body mass index for gender and age was used to diagnose underweight, and overweight according to Conde and Monteiro (2006). Binary logistic regression was applied with the occurrence of "dissatisfaction with thinness" and "dissatisfaction with excess weight" as outcomes.Results: 594 students (62% females) aged 17.5±1.6 years old were studied. A proportion of 38.7% (95%CI 34.8-42.7) were satisfied with their body weight, while 31.3% (95%CI 27.6-35.2) would like to increase it and 30.0% (95%CI 26.3-33.8) would like to reduce it. The students who were satisfied with their weight ate at least five servings of vegetables/day, three or more meals/day, and they had a positive perception of sleep. Males and individuals with low weight expressed the desire to increase their body weight, while females, students who have less than three meals/day, students with higher income, and those with overweight would like to reduce their weight. Among the males who would like to increase their body weight 13.5% had overweight and 18.8% of the females who desired to reduce their weight were underweight. Conclusions:Preventive measures that include the discussion about body culture and health damage risks are needed. These measures should target genders' specificities.Key-Words: body image; adolescent; nutritional status.resumo Objetivo: Investigar a satisfação corporal em estudantes e possíveis associações ao estado nutricional, fatores sociodemográficos, estilo de vida e percepção de saúde.Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com estudantes de 15 a 20 anos de idade de escolas públicas do município de Caruaru (PE). Foram avaliadas variáveis antropométricas, sociodemográficas, de estilo de vida e percepção de saúde, sono, estresse e imagem corporal. Utilizou-se o índice de massa corporal por gênero e idade para diagnosticar baixo peso, eutrofia e excesso de peso, segundo o critério o Conde e Monteiro (2006). Na análise multivariada, recorreu-se à regressão logística binária, adotando-se a ocorrência de "insatisfação pela magreza" e de "insatisfação pelo excesso" como desfechos.Resultados: Amostra composta por 594 estudantes (62% moças), com idade média de 17,5±1,6 anos. Conclusões: Há necessidade de realizar medidas preventivas que visem esclarecer sobre a cultura do corpo e o risco de danos à saúde, conduzidas de forma independente para cada sexo.Palavras-chave: imagem corporal; adolescente; estado nutricional. resumeN Objetivo: Investigar la satisfacción corporal en estudiantes y posibles asociaciones con el estado nutricional, fact...

Fatores associados à autoavaliação do peso corporal em mulheres praticantes de academia.

“…This result has also been observed before, in young people from the state of Paraná 5 , among whom those with excess weight exhibited almost double the probability of reporting worse quality of life (OR= 1.78 [1.06-3.04]). One explanation for this finding may lie in the limitations that excess weight places on all of the body's organic structures, in addition to sociocultural and emotional issues that are also strongly associated with satisfaction with body weight 4 . In our study, desire to change the abdominal region had a greater association with SABW and dissatisfaction than any other body part.…”

“…In response to this many different strategies have been adopted to control body weight 1 , both with people who regularly engage in systematic physical exercise and with people who do not 2 . On the other hand, women have historically been more influenced by esthetic issues than men [3][4][5] , probably because of sociocultural aspects. The three most important sources of sociocultural influence are the family, peers and communication media, whether individually or, with greater impact, in combination.…”

Comportamento alimentar inadequado em adolescentes de Juiz de Fora

“…Investigações recentes têm comprovado que jovens do sexo feminino apresentam maior chance de desenvolverem comportamentos alimentares inadequados quando comparadas aos adolescentes do sexo masculino (Johnson et al, 2004;Santos, Tassitano, Nascimento, Petribu, & Cabral, 2011).…”

Insatisfação corporal em adolescentes: uma investigação longitudinal

“…Hence, body dissatisfaction is part of the attitude associated with body image and involves disdain for one's own weight and appearance 3,4 . There is evidence that females tend to be more dissatisfied with their bodies than males [5][6][7] . Additionally, studies show a high prevalence of body dissatisfaction among adolescents 3,4,8 , which may be called "normative discontent" with one's own weight and body shape/appearance.…”

“…Adolescence is the period between ages 10 and 19 years 6,7 . It is one of the most critical development phases, characterized by physical 9 , psychological, and social 10 instabilities.…”