Saúde bucal de adolescentes rurais quilombolas e não quilombolas: um estudo dos hábitos de higiene e fatores associados

Abstract

Resumo Este estudo avaliou os hábitos de higiene bucal e sua associação com fatores socioculturais, ambientais e relacionados à utilização de serviços odontológicos entre adolescentes rurais quilombolas e não quilombolas do interior da Bahia. Foi um estudo transversal realizado em 2015. Estimaram-se prevalências e razões de prevalências para os desfechos e foi conduzida análise múltipla por regressão de Poisson com variância robusta. Foram entrevistados 390 adolescentes, 42,8% quilombolas. Escovação dentária insatisfatória e não uso do fio dental foram encontrados em 33,3% e 46,7% dos adolescentes, respectivamente. Mostraram aumentar a escovação dentária insatisfatória: sexo masculino (RP = 1,45), não morar com ambos os pais (RP = 1,45), menor hábito de lavar as mãos (RP = 1,72) e pior autoavaliação da saúde bucal (RP = 1,38). Com o não uso de fio dental, mostraram-se associados: nível econômico E (RP = 1,54), maior idade (RP = 0,91) menor hábito de lavar as mãos (RP = 1,53) e pior autoavaliação da saúde bucal (RP = 1,33). Distintos fatores associados foram observados entre quilombolas e não quilombolas. Ressalta-se a necessidade de se considerar as especificidades das populações para a promoção da saúde bucal dos adolescentes e a importância da intersetorialidade entre educação e saúde e a atenção às famílias.

Impact of oral health conditions on the quality of life of quilombola and non-quilombola rural adolescents in the countryside of Bahia, Brazil: a cross-sectional study

“…Difficulty eating was the impact most frequently reported by rural adolescents, as found in many other studies [2,7,25,26]. Importantly, around 20% of the adolescents interviewed reported toothache in the past 6 months [11]. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that the most prevalent negative impact is physical rather than psychological in nature [2].…”

“…A previous study found that the two populations did not differ significantly as regards to other aspects related to oral health conditions, including toothache, oral health self-assessment, and need for dental treatment. However, differences in the use of dental services were found [11]. Therefore, given that quilombola adolescents had a lower prevalence of dental consultations at some point in their lives, and that tooth brushing is a technique that must be taught [27], it is acceptable to assume that different oral hygiene techniques can influence tooth brushing discomfort, as well as other oral clinical conditions not yet investigated.…”

“…Moreover, differences in the occurrence of at least one negative impact of oral conditions on quality of life were not found between quilombola and non-quilombola adolescents, despite differences in associated factors. Quilombola adolescents face social and health inequities, including more difficult access to dental services [11]. Geographical distance, transportation from quilombola communities to health services, the restricted schedule of health services, the prioritisation of services to other population groups, and the need of a legal representative for dental services for adolescents all make it difficult for the oral health of these adolescents to receive due attention [38].…”

“…Quilombola adolescents have a lower prevalence of dental consultations when compared to other rural adolescents. In addition, they reside in communities with greater social vulnerabilities, such as a precarious sanitised water supply, irregular garbage collection, low education level, and low family income [10,11].…”

The use of mouthwashes by 17-year-old youth

“…As own survey shows, only 38.15% of the 17-year-old youths use mouthwashes in oral care, and no statistically significant difference was found between the genders. Silva et al [3] in their own studies stated that approximately 75% of the youths aged 10-19 years evaluated their oral cavity condition as very good, emphasizing that the reason for that is the use of various methods of maintaining good oral health, including mouthwashes.…”