Modern financial literacy is necessary for making smart financial decisions, navigating complex markets, and planning ahead. Financial literacy's history and importance in today's complex financial systems and diverse investment options are examined in this chapter. Financial literacy knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors are examined, as well as international campaigns. The history, benefits, methods, and components of financial literacy are covered in this chapter. The complex global economy has boosted US financial education credibility. The chapter claims financial literacy prevents mistakes, prepares for disasters, and helps achieve financial goals. To improve financial literacy, it covers credit, budgeting, and saving. Financial education can protect the Indian economy, boost growth, and reduce poverty. Financial literacy efforts by the Indian government and regulators are also examined. The authors found that financial education helps people make smart financial decisions and build wealth.