Scabies superimposed on skin lesions of adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma: case report and literature review

Kabashima, Rieko; Kabashima, Kenji; Hino, Ryosuke; Shimauchi, Takatoshi; Tokura, Y.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2008.03707.x

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Other skin infections may occur in these patients in addition to superficial fungal infections. It has been reported that scabies is sometimes superimposed on the skin lesions of patients with ATL ( 179 ).…”

Section: Adult T-cell Leukemia/lymphomamentioning

confidence: 99%

New Therapies and Immunological Findings in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma

Fujii

2018

Front. Oncol.

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Primary cutaneous lymphomas comprise a group of lymphatic malignancies that occur primarily in the skin. They represent the second most common form of extranodal non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and are characterized by heterogeneous clinical, histological, immunological, and molecular features. The most common type is mycosis fungoides and its leukemic variant, Sézary syndrome. Both diseases are considered T-helper cell type 2 (Th2) diseases. Not only the tumor cells but also the tumor microenvironment can promote Th2 differentiation, which is beneficial for the tumor cells because a Th1 environment enhances antitumor immune responses. This Th2-dominant milieu also underlies the infectious susceptibility of the patients. Many components, such as tumor-associated macrophages, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and dendritic cells, as well as humoral factors, such as chemokines and cytokines, establish the tumor microenvironment and can modify tumor cell migration and proliferation. Multiagent chemotherapy often induces immunosuppression, resulting in an increased risk of serious infection and poor tolerance. Therefore, overtreatment should be avoided for these types of lymphomas. Interferons have been shown to increase the time to next treatment to a greater degree than has chemotherapy. The pathogenesis and prognosis of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) differ markedly among the subtypes. In some aggressive subtypes of CTCLs, such as primary cutaneous gamma/delta T-cell lymphoma and primary cutaneous CD8+ aggressive epidermotropic cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation should be considered, whereas overtreatment should be avoided with other, favorable subtypes. Therefore, a solid understanding of the pathogenesis and immunological background of cutaneous lymphoma is required to better treat patients who are inflicted with this disease. This review summarizes the current knowledge in the field to attempt to achieve this objective.

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Section: Adult T-cell Leukemia/lymphomamentioning

confidence: 99%

New Therapies and Immunological Findings in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma

Fujii

2018

Front. Oncol.

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“…In addition to superficial fungal infection, other skin infections also may occur in ATLL patients. It has been documented that scabies is sometimes superimposed on the skin lesions of ATLL …”

Section: Other Skin Manifestations Of Atll: Secondary and Infective Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin manifestations of adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma: Clinical, cytological and immunological features

Tokura

Sawada

Shimauchi

2014

The Journal of Dermatology

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Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a malignancy of mature T cells caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type I. The endemic areas include Japan, especially in Kyushu, the Caribbean, Papua New Guinea, South America and Africa. Approximately 50% of ATLL patients exhibit skin manifestations. Cytologically, ATLL tumor cells are characterized by CD4 + CD25+ regulatory T-cell phenotype, high expressions of CCR4, and programmed cell death (PD)-1 and PD-ligand 1. The skin eruptions are categorized into six types: patch, plaque, multipapular, nodulotumoral, erythrodermic and purpuric. The overall survival of the eruption-bearing patients was poorer than that of the non-eruption-bearing patients in acute, chronic and smoldering types, but the survival levels of both groups were comparable in lymphoma type. The prognosis was poor in the order of: erythrodermic, nodulotumoral, multipapular/purpuric, plaque, then patch. Multivariate analysis revealed that the eruption type is an independent prognostic factor for ATLL. Patients may have other skin manifestations, secondary and infective lesions.

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“…ATL often manifests with non-specific skin lesions for some infections such as leprosy, scabies and superficial mycoses, in addition to the specific tumoral skin lesions [3]- [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Non-specific skin manifestations have been investigated for infections such as leprosy, scabies and superficial mycoses, which can frequently be complicated with ATL, resulting from immunosuppression caused by tumor progression [3]- [6]. With regard to tuberculosis (TB), one review suggests that patients with ATL have an increased risk of TB compared with the general population without ATL [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Cases of Tuberculosis Manifesting as Cutaneous Solitary Mass in Patients with Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma

Koga¹,

Fujita²,

Imafuku³

2016

JTR

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem worldwide and a large number of fatal cases are still reported. Immunocompetent individuals are naturally susceptible to TB, and immunocompromised patients have a greater risk of infection. Although patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) are in an immunosuppressed condition, there is only one reported case of TB accompanied with ATL in the Englishlanguage literature in the field of dermatology. Here, we report two patients with chronic-type ATL infected with TB manifesting as cutaneous solitary masses. Case 1 was a 58-year-old woman diagnosed with lumbar abscess with pulmonary TB. Case 2 was an 84-year-old woman diagnosed with tuberculous lymphadenitis in the left cervical region. It is important to raise the differential diagnosis of TB and perform tissue culture for acid-fast bacilli as well as Interferon-Gamma release assay test when dermatologists encounter mass lesions in patients with ATL.

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Scabies superimposed on skin lesions of adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma: case report and literature review

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

New Therapies and Immunological Findings in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma

New Therapies and Immunological Findings in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma

Skin manifestations of adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma: Clinical, cytological and immunological features

Two Cases of Tuberculosis Manifesting as Cutaneous Solitary Mass in Patients with Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma

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