Scaffolds and biomaterials for tissue engineering: a review of clinical applications

Abstract

Tissue engineering is a multidisciplinary area of research aimed at regeneration of tissues and restoration of organ function. This is achieved through implantation of cells/tissues grown outside the body or by stimulating cells to grow into an implanted matrix. In this short review, we discuss the use of biomaterials, in the form of scaffolds, for tissue engineering and review clinical applications to otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery.

Quantification of MSCs involved in wound healing: use of SIS to transfer MSCs to wound site and quantification of MSCs involved in skin wound healing

“…To solve this problem requires not only a source of cells but also an artificial extracellular matrix (ECM) upon which the cells can be supported and delivered (Vats et al, 2003). At present, tissue engineering aims to regenerate diseased and damaged tissues or organs using biological materials with cells (Supp and Boyce, 2005).…”

Carbon Nanomaterials: Applications in Physico-chemical Systemsand Biosystems

“…These can then be transplanted into the system. The principal function of a scaffold is to direct the cell behaviour such as migration, proliferation, differentiation, maintenance of phenotype, and apoptosis, by facilitating sensing and responding to the environment, via, cellmatrix communications and cell-cell communications 72 . Such scaffold should have the capacity to give highly porous surfaces allowing seeding of cells at high densities as well as facilitating proper cellcell interaction through a regulated molecular myriad 73,74 .…”

Comparative assessment of bone regeneration by histometry and a histological scoring system / Evaluarea comparativă a regenerării osoase utilizând histometria și un scor de vindecare histologică

“…This goal was achieved in the '60s, when researchers combined the science of biomaterials with cell biology, opening the gates to a new field -that of tissue engineering (1). The aim of tissue engineering is to regenerate tissue through in vitro implantation of cells on a scaffold (2). The start point of tissue engineering were biomaterials (3), nowadays tissue engineering implies the use of cells seeded on a scaffold before in vivo implantation (4).…”