Scalable Panoramic Wireless Video Streaming Relying on Optimal-Rate FEC-Coded Adaptive QAM

Abstract

The demanding bitrate requirements of supporting flawless streaming of immersive video remains a challenge. To minimize the bandwidth without degrading the user's experience, we may opt for partitioning the panoramic video frame into numerous tiles and only transmit those covered by the predicted Field of View (FoV), but naturally, this philosophy critically hinges on the accuracy of the Head Movement Prediction (HMP). However, since the HMP is never 100% accurate, rebuffering of the missing portions due to misprediction is likely to introduce video freezes or artefacts, which may significantly degrade the users' experience. Hence, instead of only transmitting the FoV tiles, Scalable Video Coding (SVC) comes to rescue. Explicitly, in SVC schemes, multiple layers having different importance provide a promising solution, where the basic quality of the entire panoramic video is supported by the Base Layer (BL) that only requires a low bitrate, while the Enhancement Layers (EL) are invoked for enhancing the quality of the predicted FoV. In this treatise, we propose coding rate adaptation assisted nearinstantaneously Adaptive Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (AQAM) for layered panoramic video streaming. In our design, we categorize the video streaming into three priority classes according to the FoV and the SVC layer index, each of which is mapped to the most appropriate modulation mode determined by the instantaneous channel quality. Furthermore, we conceive an Evolutionary Algorithm (EA) assisted Forward Error Correction (FEC) coding rate optimization method for providing Unequal Error Protection (UEP) in order to maximize the uncoded sourcerate according to the inter-frame and inter-layer decoding dependency for tile-based panoramic video streaming. The simulation results show that the proposed AQAM assisted UEP scheme configured by our EA assisted coding rate optimization algorithm significantly improves the overall video performance compared to its Equal Error Protection (EEP) counterpart, and provides perceptually pleasing video quality across a wide range of channel conditions by selecting the most appropriate modulation mode based on the instantaneous channel Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR).

ASViS: A Protocol for Efficient Video Streaming Using SVC and Deadline-based Criteria.

“…SVC coding follows a frame structure similar to AVC on GOP hierarchy terms but includes a parallel structure. The parallel structure is based on the number of ELs which depends on BL [21,22]. Figure 2 shows the SVC hierarchy I-B for two layers with a GOP size of 8 frames; it follows an IBBBBBBB pattern.…”

Performance enhancing of MIMO‐OFDM system utilizing different interleaving techniques with rate‐less fountain raptor code

“…As shown in Equation ( 1), the throughput of the communication systems is affected by the Packet Error Probability (PEP), which is related to the packet size as shown in Equation (2). Then, the throughput is functioned in some parameters, which are 'total time' (time of the data processing and transmitting and retransmission time), PEP, and packet size [13].…”

“…The rate-less fountain code is an error control scheme with a variable code rate applied within the MIMO system to enhance the performance of the mobile wireless communication systems [1][2][3].…”

“…On the other hand, the adaptive code rate concept achieves the rate‐less code error control schemes. The rate‐less fountain code is an error control scheme with a variable code rate applied within the MIMO system to enhance the performance of the mobile wireless communication systems [1–3].…”

A Hybrid-ARQ Method with Adaptive Receiving Buffer Duration in Real Time Video Streaming

“…For example, [7] extensively discusses the research progress and practical effects of FEC coding in video communication. [8] proposes the EA algorithm, and consider the FEC redundancy allocation for panoramic video transmission. [9] proposes an adaptive system for transmitting the layered video bit stream over the wireless channel and improves the flexibility of the IL-FEC algorithm.…”