Scale-up and economic analysis of biodiesel production from recycled grease trap waste

Tran, Nam Nghiep; Tišma, Marina; Budžaki, Sandra; McMurchie, Edward J.; Gonzalez, Olivia Maria Morales; Hessel, Volker; Ngothai, Yung

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.07.106

Cited by 55 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Traditionally, Biodiesel is processed from different feedstocks like waste vegetable oil (Ray and Prakash, 2019), animal fat (Kirubakaran and Selvan, 2018), non-edible seeds oil (Hosseini and Wahid, 2012;Palani et al, 2017), waste oils and greases (Tran et al, 2018) and is converted into low viscous biofuel by means of catalyst assisted transesterification reaction using short chain primary alcohols like methanol, ethanol as solvent. Among these, waste animal fats are regarded as an ideal feedstock for low cost biodiesel production on account of its easy availability as discarded wastes, no "food over fuel" conflicts; in fact, using these wastes for energy production serves as an effective technique for reducing the environment threats caused by them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dominant Fatty Acid Esters on Emission Characteristics of Waste Animal Fat Biodiesel in CI Engine

et al. 2019

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This present study aims in understanding the influence of dominant fatty acid esters of waste animal fat biodiesel on its emission characteristics in CI engine. Biodiesel was produced from waste animal fat by means of base catalyzed transesterification; and Ethyl oleate (40.21%), ethyl palmitate (25.36%), and ethyl stearate (16.87%) were characterized as dominant fatty acid esters using GC spectra. Test samples were prepared for these ester molecules based on their availability, in addition to biodiesel blend and plain diesel and were tested for their emission levels in single cylinder four stroke CI engine using flue gas analyser. High exhaust gas temperature was contributed by Ethyl oleate (1.15% lesser than biodiesel), as a result of low cetane number due to unsaturation; and high viscosity. Likewise, the increased carbon chain length and unsaturation of ethyl oleate (2.55% lesser than biodiesel) resulted in high concentration of CO emission for biodiesel whereas high CO 2 emission concentration was because of ester molecules with increased carbon chain length (stearate and Oleate esters). Reduced NO X emission for biodiesel was as a result of higher cetane number from ethyl stearate (CN = 86.83) and ethyl palmitate (CN = 86.55), which reduced its ignition delay thereby moderating the heat release rate. In addition, long carbon chained ester molecules (oleate and stearate esters) in biodiesel consumed more oxygen content for improving overall rate of combustion while increased HC emission was explained by unsaturation in biodiesel because of ethyl oleate (on average, 50 PPM).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dominant Fatty Acid Esters on Emission Characteristics of Waste Animal Fat Biodiesel in CI Engine

et al. 2019

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“…Oleic acid has been used in most studies as the feedstock. It should be noted that esterification of oleic acid is only a model reaction for biodiesel production, and esterification and transesterification of diverse feedstocks such as algae (Nagarajan et al, 2013), municipal sewage sludge (Olkiewicz et al, 2016), and recycled grease trap waste (Tran et al, 2018) may provide more realistic results on the catalytic activity of IL-NPM hybrid materials. This becomes more significant considering that optimal conditions reported for transesterification are harsher than esterification.…”

Section: Future Perspectives Of Biodiesel Production Process Over Il-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, over 80% of biodiesel production cost stems from employing fresh edible oils as feedstock (Mansir et al, 2018). Therefore, the best way to reduce the production cost of biodiesel is the use of alternative, cheaper sources of lipids such as waste cooking oil, non-edible Jatropha, algae, municipal sewage sludge, and recycled grease trap waste (Nagarajan et al, 2013;Yusuf and Kamarudin, 2013;Olkiewicz et al, 2016;Abdurakhman et al, 2018;Tran et al, 2018). Nevertheless, the high free fatty acid (FFA) content of these feedstocks results in saponification and emulsification in the presence of homogeneous base catalysts, which reduces biodiesel yield and hinders its separation from glycerol (Ghiaci et al, 2011;Alegria et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances of Biodiesel Production Using Ionic Liquids Supported on Nanoporous Materials as Catalysts: A Review

2020

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For the last two decades, the biodiesel attracted increasing attention as a promising biofuel to replace fossil diesel. However, the non-recyclability of homogeneous alkali catalysts and waste generation due to subsequent water washing remained as one of the major drawbacks of the biodiesel production process in the industry. Ionic liquids are one of the best alternatives to replace alkali catalysts owing to their unique properties such as non-volatility, excellent solubility for various organic and inorganic materials, structure tunability, environment-friendliness, and wide liquid temperature. However, high viscosity and difficult recovery have limited their application. Recently, heterogenization of ionic liquids on solid supports has been proposed to circumvent these issues. Among these solids, nanoporous materials have shown great potential in providing stable supports with high porosity and specific surface area. This paper reviews the recent developments in designing ionic liquids deposited on nanoporous materials as catalysts for biodiesel production. The emphasis was on the application of this type of catalysts for the optimization of reaction conditions. Moreover, challenges and opportunities for improving the overall production process in the presence of these catalysts were discussed. Despite that high biodiesel yields were obtained over many of nanoporous material-supported ionic liquids, their significantly higher cost compared to the conventional catalysts remained a major challenge. This issue can be overcome by employing less expensive cations and anions, increasing the loading amount of ionic liquids, and improving catalyst reusability in future studies.

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“…It mostly consists of wood wastes, agricultural crops and their waste derivatives, municipal solid wastes, animal wastes, and residues deriving from food and aquatic plant processing industries; all these can be sources of biogenic and renewable biomaterials and biofuels [9,11,12,13,14,15,16]. From the economical point of view, recycled oils and greases resulting from the food sector represent a feasible alternative source of renewable biomass for the biodiesel industry [9,17]. Massive quantities of used kitchen oils and greases are generated worldwide, and in technologically-advanced countries in particular, their disposal is causing important environmental issues [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel-Derived Glycerol Obtained from Renewable Biomass—A Suitable Substrate for the Growth of Candida zeylanoides Yeast Strain ATCC 20367

et al. 2019

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Used kitchen oil represents a feasible and renewable biomass to produce green biofuels such as biodiesel. Biodiesel production generates large amounts of by-products such as the crude glycerol fraction, which can be further used biotechnologically as a valuable nutrient for many microorganisms. In this study, we transesterified used kitchen oil with methanol and sodium hydroxide in order to obtain biodiesel and crude glycerol fractions. The crude glycerol fraction consisting of 30% glycerol was integrated into a bioreactor cultivation process as a nutrient source for the growth of Candida zeylanoides ATCC 20367. Cell viability and biomass production were similar to those obtained with batch cultivations on pure glycerol or glucose as the main nutrient substrates. However, the biosynthesis of organic acids (e.g., citric and succinic) was significantly different compared to pure glycerol and glucose used as main carbon sources.

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Scale-up and economic analysis of biodiesel production from recycled grease trap waste

Cited by 55 publications

References 26 publications

Effect of Dominant Fatty Acid Esters on Emission Characteristics of Waste Animal Fat Biodiesel in CI Engine

Effect of Dominant Fatty Acid Esters on Emission Characteristics of Waste Animal Fat Biodiesel in CI Engine

Recent Advances of Biodiesel Production Using Ionic Liquids Supported on Nanoporous Materials as Catalysts: A Review

Biodiesel-Derived Glycerol Obtained from Renewable Biomass—A Suitable Substrate for the Growth of Candida zeylanoides Yeast Strain ATCC 20367

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