Scaling of free-ranging primate energetics with body mass predicts low energy expenditure in humans

Simmen, Bruno; Darlu, Pierre; Hladik, Claude Marcel; Pasquet, Patrick

doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.10.018

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…It is tempting to contrast our estimates with data on energy expenditure recorded in another sifaka species using DLW (Pontzer et al, ). In Propithecus diadema , which lives in the evergreen rainforest of eastern Madagascar, total DEE is only 68% of the value predicted from the scaling of field metabolic rate (FMR) to body mass among placental mammals (using FMR = 5.11* M 0.709 ; Simmen et al, , updated from Nagy et al, ). If a same deviation coefficient is applied to P. coronatus , we predict that a 3.7 kg crowned sifaka would spend 1,177 kJ/day.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy management in crowned sifakas (Propithecus coronatus) and the timing of reproduction in a seasonal environment

Pichon

Simmen

2015

American J Phys Anthropol

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Seasonal increase of daily energy input was likely related to male-male mating competition and females' need to reach physical condition prior to the dry season sufficient for reproducing. Sifakas may time their reproductive cycle according to the seasonal variation in day-length because recurrent patterns of low (dry season) versus high (wet season) food production occur despite years of food shortage. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Am J Phys Anthropol 158:269-278, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy management in crowned sifakas (Propithecus coronatus) and the timing of reproduction in a seasonal environment

Pichon

Simmen

2015

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…12:51 Total energy expenditure (TEE) versus body mass for primates (n = 19 populations, 17 species) and nonprimate eutherian mammals (n = 86 species). Data from Pontzer et al (2014) and Simmen et al (2015). Separate trend lines for primates (red ) and nonprimates ( gray) are shown.…”

Section: Ecological Determinants Of Total Energy Expenditurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…At. Energy Agency 2009, Westerterp 2010 in measurements of energy expenditure in human and primate populations (e.g., Nagy & Milton 1979;Stein et al 1988;Singh et al 1989;Heini et al 1991Heini et al , 1996Kashiwazaki et al 1995Kashiwazaki et al , 2009Drack et al 1999;Esparza et al 2000;Schmid & Speakman 2000;Snodgrass et al 2006;Pontzer et al 2010Pontzer et al , 2012Pontzer et al , 2014Simmen et al 2010Simmen et al , 2015Rosetta et al 2011). DLW is considered the gold standard for measuring daily energy expenditure in free-living populations because it tracks the body's rate of carbon dioxide production (and hence caloric expenditure) without encumbering the subject with equipment, confining them to a calorimetry chamber, or extrapolating from activity budgets (Int.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Expenditure in Humans and Other Primates: A New Synthesis

Pontzer

2015

Annu. Rev. Anthropol.

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This article is part of a special theme on Resources. For a list of other articles in this theme, see http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/full/ 10.1146/annurev-an-44-themes Keywords doubly labeled water, flex-heart rate, factorial method, life history, total energy expenditure, basal metabolic rate AbstractThis review examines the proximate, ecological, and evolutionary determinants of energy expenditure in humans and primates, with an emphasis on empirical measurements of total energy expenditure (TEE). Body size is the main proximate determinant of TEE, both within and between species; physical activity, genetic variation, and endocrine regulation explain substantially less of the variation in TEE. Basal metabolism is the single largest component of TEE, far exceeding the cost of physical activity, digestion, growth and reproduction, and thermoregulation in most instances. Notably, differences in physical activity do not generally result in corresponding differences in TEE, undermining the utility of activity-based factorial estimates of TEE. Instead, empirical measurements of energy expenditure in humans and other primates suggest that the body adapts dynamically to long-term changes in physical activity, maintaining TEE within an evolved, and relatively narrow, physiological range. 169

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“…The suggestion that primates as a whole have relatively low daily energy expenditures compared with other mammals (Simmen et al. ) specifically implies the existence of behavioural compensatory mechanisms.…”

Section: Contextualising Primate Originsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those changes are likely to have come at non-trivial metabolic cost and have had to be compensated for by energy trade-offs and/or cognitive benefits translating into significantly improved access to resources or reduced mortality risk. The suggestion that primates as a whole have relatively low daily energy expenditures compared with other mammals (Simmen et al 2015) specifically implies the existence of behavioural compensatory mechanisms.…”

Section: Character Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contextualising primate origins – an ecomorphological framework

Soligo

Smaers

2016

Journal of Anatomy

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Ecomorphology -the characterisation of the adaptive relationship between an organism's morphology and its ecological role -has long been central to theories of the origin and early evolution of the primate order. This is exemplified by two of the most influential theories of primate origins: Matt Cartmill's Visual Predation Hypothesis, and Bob Sussman's Angiosperm Co-Evolution Hypothesis. However, the study of primate origins is constrained by the absence of data directly documenting the events under investigation, and has to rely instead on a fragmentary fossil record and the methodological assumptions inherent in phylogenetic comparative analyses of extant species. These constraints introduce particular challenges for inferring the ecomorphology of primate origins, as morphology and environmental context must first be inferred before the relationship between the two can be considered. Fossils can be integrated in comparative analyses and observations of extant model species and laboratory experiments of form-function relationships are critical for the functional interpretation of the morphology of extinct species. Recent developments have led to important advancements, including phylogenetic comparative methods based on more realistic models of evolution, and improved methods for the inference of clade divergence times, as well as an improved fossil record. This contribution will review current perspectives on the origin and early evolution of primates, paying particular attention to their phylogenetic (including cladistic relationships and character evolution) and environmental (including chronology, geography, and physical environments) contextualisation, before attempting an up-todate ecomorphological synthesis of primate origins.

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Scaling of free-ranging primate energetics with body mass predicts low energy expenditure in humans

Cited by 11 publications

References 46 publications

Energy management in crowned sifakas (Propithecus coronatus) and the timing of reproduction in a seasonal environment

Energy management in crowned sifakas (Propithecus coronatus) and the timing of reproduction in a seasonal environment

Energy Expenditure in Humans and Other Primates: A New Synthesis

Contextualising primate origins – an ecomorphological framework

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