Scanning electron microscopy analysis of hair index on <scp>K</scp>arachi's population for social and professional appearance enhancement

Ali, Nancy; Zohra, R. R.; Qader, Shah Ali Ul; Mumtaz, Muhammad Zubair

doi:10.1111/ics.12201

Cited by 15 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The damage caused by the bleaching can be roughly divided into two categories: surface damage to the cuticle and structural damage to the bulk fiber. After the bleaching process severe cuticle perforations, breaking and lifting of cuticular scales, coupled to decreased crosslink density of the hair cortex were previously reported [54,55]. Several amino acids: cystine, Lys, Arg, Pro and Thr are oxidized [56]; leaving merely Ser suitable for PKA action.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In fact, in many cases the experimental systems are comprised by porous and/or disperse solids, exhibiting structural and energetic heterogeneity. Accordingly, our system is expected to possess both non-uniformities: structural (originating from hair shaft perturbations) [30,54,55], and energetic (originating from phosphorylation) [67]. To accommodate for the energetic surface heterogeneity Freundlich and D-R models were employed [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enzymatic phosphorylation of hair keratin enhances fast adsorption of cationic moieties

Volkov

Cavaco-Paulo

2016

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

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The current study describes the in vitro phosphorylation of a human hair keratin, using protein kinase for the first time. Phosphorylation of keratin was demonstrated by (31)P NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) and Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform (DRIFT) techniques. Phosphorylation induced a 2.5 fold increase of adsorption capacity in the first 10 min for cationic moiety like methylene blue (MB). Thorough description of MB adsorption process was performed by several isothermal models. Reconstructed fluorescent microscopy images depict distinct amounts of dye bound to the differently treated hair. The results of this work suggest that the enzymatic phosphorylation of keratins might have significant implications in hair shampooing and conditioning, where short application times of cationic components are of prime importance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic phosphorylation of hair keratin enhances fast adsorption of cationic moieties

Volkov

Cavaco-Paulo

2016

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

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“…This could be applied to access certain hair strain properties, such as overall appearance [19]; particle deposition over surface and affinity to incorporated ingredients in hair care products [20]; structural and morphological changes [6,21,22]. This technique enables one to see samples with opalescent to opaque appearance, to amplify images and to measure composing parts [5].…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Protein loss [11,12,[44][45][46][47][48]; Electrophoresis [13,25]; Scanning Electron Microscopy [5,[19][20][21][22]; Transmission Electron Microscopy [6,24,25]; Atomic Force Microscopy [7,26,[28][29][30][31]; Optical Coherence Tomography [8,33]; RAMAN spectroscopy [10,[32][33][34] Hair Shine-Gloss Diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry [14,33,43,46,50] Easy to comb Combing resistance [12,64,65] Strength properties Resistance to breakage [12,14,16,33,61,62] Photoprotection Photoluminescence spectroscopy [40][41][42][43] Long-lasting color Diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry [14,…”

Section: Damage Hair Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Methodologies to Evaluate the Effects of Hair Care Products on Hair Fiber

2017

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Consumers use different hair care products to change the physical appearance of their hair, such as shampoos, conditioners, hair dye and hair straighteners. They expect cosmetics products to be available in the market to meet their needs in a broad and effective manner. Evaluating efficacy of hair care products in vitro involves the use of highly accurate equipment. This review aims to discuss in vitro methodologies used to evaluate the effects of hair care products on hair fiber, which can be assessed by various methods, such as Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy, Optical Coherence Tomography, Infrared Spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, Protein Loss, Electrophoresis, color and brightness, thermal analysis and measuring mechanical resistance to combing and elasticity. The methodology used to test hair fibers must be selected according to the property being evaluated, such as sensory characteristics, determination of brightness, resistance to rupture, elasticity and integrity of hair strain and cortex, among others. If equipment is appropriate and accurate, reproducibility and ease of employment of the analytical methodology will be possible. Normally, the data set must be discussed in order to obtain conclusive answers to the test.

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“…In addition to the characterisation of nanoparticles, SEM was employed to investigate the impact of common hair cosmetic products such as bleaches, dyes and shampoos and conditioners on hair properties [6]. SEM can provide morphological data like changes to hair morphology including breaking or lifting of cuticular scales and cuticle tearing and fragmentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Invasive Nanoparticle Imaging Technologies for Cosmetic and Skin Care Products

et al. 2015

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The nanotechnology field is growing at an unprecedented rate. This is resulting in significant benefits in skin care products and formulations. Likewise, imaging technology is also advancing. The convergence of these fields offers a unique opportunity to observe and quantify the interactions of nanoparticles within cosmetic and skin care formulations. More importantly, imaging technology holds tremendous promise for understanding how formulated nanoparticles interact with our skin. Imaging technologies can be broken into two major groups that include those that require invasive sample collection and processing (e.g., electron microscopy, mass spectrometry, and super-resolution structured illumination microscopy) and those that can be used in non-invasive data collection settings. Fluorescence microscopy, confocal microscopy, coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering spectroscopy and optical coherence tomography fall into the latter category and are the focus of this review in the context of skin care product and cosmetics testing. Cosmetic and skin care product testing is most informative when carried out in volunteers. This makes invasive or disruptive analysis techniques unfeasible and supports the use of non-invasive imaging technologies. The combination of non-invasive imaging and minimally invasive microbiopsy sampling for combined imaging and molecular data is the future of skin care product testing.

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Scanning electron microscopy analysis of hair index on Karachi's population for social and professional appearance enhancement

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Enzymatic phosphorylation of hair keratin enhances fast adsorption of cationic moieties

Enzymatic phosphorylation of hair keratin enhances fast adsorption of cationic moieties

In Vitro Methodologies to Evaluate the Effects of Hair Care Products on Hair Fiber

Non-Invasive Nanoparticle Imaging Technologies for Cosmetic and Skin Care Products

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