Scanning electron microscopy of the four larval instars of the lymphatic filariasis vector Culex quinquefasciatus (Say) (Diptera: Culicidae)

Adham, Fatma K.; Mehlhorn, Heinz; Yamany, Abeer S.

doi:10.1007/s00436-013-3393-4

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…aegypti larvae possess comb spines arranged in a single row. It was reported by Adham et al (2013) that the fourth-instar Cx. quinquefasciatus larva had 15-16 pecten teeth in each row and 10-14 comb scales.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of fourth‐instar larvae of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) employing scanning electron microscopic tool

Yamany,

Abdel‐Gaber

2024

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Aedes albopictus is a vector of numerous viruses in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, including encephalitis and dengue fever. Although the identification keys depend exclusively on the characteristics of the fourth larval instar, the studies were carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on the morphology of Ae. albopictus are still insufficient, and more research is required. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to present a comprehensive description of Ae. albopictus mosquitoes based on the morphological features of their fourth‐instar larvae to distinguish them from other mosquito species. Antennae, feeding mouth brushes, mandibles, maxillae, labia, comb scales, anal papillae, siphon, respiratory spiracles, and pecten teeth were among the morphological features specifically described using SEM. The sensilla trichoidea and the sensilla basiconica are the sensory spicules found on the antennal integument. The labrum is a tessellated membrane with two movable brushes on the sides and one middle brush. The mandibles have four sellar setae on the anterolateral side, and the maxillae, which have a thumb‐like structure and a palp located laterally and about four‐fifths of the way from the maxillary brush base to the maxillary notch, are the articulating appendages. On the apex of the palp, there are five sensilla. The eighth abdominal segment is a tiny pentagonal structure with 12 comb scales laterally and a respiratory siphon dorsally. The siphon has two rows of pectin teeth, with 12 teeth per row. Four pairs of siphonal tufts and five perispiracular lobes surround the respiratory spiracles. The anal segment has four anal papillae, a ventral brush, a dorsal brush, and an incomplete saddle. The findings demonstrate that the fourth‐instar larvae of Ae. albopictus have distinctive morphological features, which are crucial for understanding their key characteristics and identifying them, preventing inaccurate identification, and facilitating the control of diseases transmitted by the mosquito vector.Research Highlights A detailed description of various taxonomical interest structures for the fourth‐instar larvae of Aedes albopictus is included in this study. Scanning electron microscopy is considered a helpful technique for identifying Ae. albopictus larvae in their fourth instar.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schaper and Hernández-Chavarría (2006) for Ae. aegypti and Adham et al (2013) for Cx. quinquefasciatus examined the morphological changes in the larvae during development using SEM at the mouth brushes, the ventral brush of segment X, the comb scales, and the pectin teeth.…”

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confidence: 99%

Identification of fourth‐instar larvae of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) employing scanning electron microscopic tool

Yamany,

Abdel‐Gaber

2024

Microscopy Res & Technique

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“…During recent years, high resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) describing various developmental stages and specific organs of insects have been used comprehensively, as it offers a more precise and convincing description useful to illustrate a species using a realistic approach [ 40 – 44 ]. The surface morphology and morphometric characteristics of mosquito eggs have significance in the study of identification and differentiation of various sibling species and received very little attention until Hinton [ 45 ] recognized the potential of SEM for visualizing egg microstructures to emphasize and describe morphological characteristics for species recognition [ 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria vector Anopheles culicifacies sibling species differentiation using egg morphometry and morphology

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThe malaria vector Anopheles culicifacies (sensu lato) is an important malaria vector in Southeast Asia which comprises of five sibling species namely A, B, C, D and E. However, only a few forms have been identified as malaria vectors in various endemic countries. Currently, for the first time egg morphometry and morphology has been used to differentiate the three known vector sibling species of Anopheles culicifacies collected from malaria endemic Madhya Pradesh state of central India.MethodsThe adult An. culicifacies (s.l.) was collected from five districts using standard mosquito collection methods. Adult female mosquitoes were allowed to lay eggs individually. The emerged mosquitoes were identified using allele specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) to sibling species. Eggs of sibling species A, D and E were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for morphometric and morphological characteristics.ResultsCurrently AS-PCR identified four known sibling species (B, C, D and E) of An. culicifacies in the study area. The surface morphology and morphometric attributes of the sibling species A, D and E eggs considerably differed from each other. An. culicifacies E had a narrow deck as compared to A and D, while An. culicifacies A had a bigger micropyle with 6–7 sectors as compared to D and E that had 6 sectors. An. culicifacies D had the smallest float (the structure present on sides of the egg surface in which air is filled that help in floating) and the number of ribs was also fewer than for An. culicifacies A and E.ConclusionsThe present study provides the first evidence that in addition to PCR assay, sibling species of An. culicifacies can also be differentiated using morphological and morphometric characteristics of the egg stage. The results also advocate that the sibling species of An. culicifacies are morphologically dissimilar and can be resolved using advanced microscopy.

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“…Finally, the fourth-instar larvae were morphologically identified using a local taxonomic identification key designed by Jabbar et al (2018) and worldwide taxonomic identification keys designed by Snell (2005) and Azari-Hamidian & Harbach (2009). SEM was used to study and Identification 4th-instar larvae according to the method published by Adham et al (2013) through the following steps:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of some Fourth Instar Larvae of the Mosquito (Diptera, Culicidae) using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) in Basrah Province, Iraq

Abed

Kareem

2022

Basrah J. Agric. Sci.

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The study was conducted to determine the distinguishing characteristics of the fourth-instar larvae that used to identify the six species of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Basrah Province. Some morphological characteristics, pectin teeth, comb scales, lateral palatine brush filaments, and microspine patterns on the siphon were studied by using the scanning electron microscopy technique. The results showed that there are morphological differences in these micro-structures between the species, Aedes caspius (Pallas, 1771), Culex pipines (Linnaeus, 1758), Culex pusillus Macquart, 1850, Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles,1901, Culiseta longiareolata (Mecquart, 1838) and Uranotaenia unguiculata Edwards, 1913.

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Scanning electron microscopy of the four larval instars of the lymphatic filariasis vector Culex quinquefasciatus (Say) (Diptera: Culicidae)

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Identification of fourth‐instar larvae of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) employing scanning electron microscopic tool

Identification of fourth‐instar larvae of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) employing scanning electron microscopic tool

Malaria vector Anopheles culicifacies sibling species differentiation using egg morphometry and morphology

Identification of some Fourth Instar Larvae of the Mosquito (Diptera, Culicidae) using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) in Basrah Province, Iraq

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