Scanning tunneling microscopy of alkane adsorbates at the liquid/graphite interface

Wawkuschewski, A.; Cantow, H.‐J.; Magonov, S. N.

doi:10.1021/la00035a008

Cited by 48 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…[28][29][30] A study of a mixture of a straight-chain alkane and a cycloalkane indicates that the cycloalkane can displace the straight-chain alkane from a graphite surface. 49 A particularly intriguing feature of this study is the suggestion that in some regions of the surface, the cycloalkane forms the first adsorbed layer on graphite and the linear alkane forms an epitaxial layer on top of the cycloalkane layer. Such STM images of bilayers have been reported in other studies of hydrocarbons.…”

Section: Iib Studies Of Hydrocarbons Physisorbed On Graphitementioning

confidence: 85%

“…Bright and dim STM spots have been observed and attributed to the position of hydrogen atoms protruding out from each methylene group in the molecule; the bright spots corresponding to the hydrogen atoms of the most protruding methylene groups and the dimmer spots the positions of the hydrogen atoms along the long chains. [48][49][50] Defects are visible in the ordered layer of the adsorbed cycloalkanes. 48 For example, in an adsorbed layer of (CH 2 ) 48 , within a row are observed regions where four molecules are rotated at 90°with respect to the other molecules in the row.…”

Section: Iib Studies Of Hydrocarbons Physisorbed On Graphitementioning

confidence: 99%

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STM Investigations of Organic Molecules Physisorbed at the Liquid−Solid Interface

1996

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Investigations of long-chain hydrocarbon and substituted hydrocarbon materials physisorbed at the liquid-solid interface have provided a particularly fruitful area of investigation for the scanning tunneling microscope (STM). Studies of this kind provide considerable information concerning surface-adsorbate interactions, the nature of the STM contrast mechanism for molecules adsorbed on surfaces, the effect of the chemical nature of the liquid solvent on the rearrangement and bonding of adsorbates, and the role played by the underlying structure of the surface itself (defects, domains, etc.) in determining the molecular arrangement of these adsorbates. All of these studies are aimed at the elucidation and control of surface and adsorbate structures and their relationship to the electronic and chemical properties of materials. The successful imaging of numerous physisorbed organic films at the solution-solid interface has demonstrated that the STM is sensitive enough to differentiate chemical functional groups within these films, but participation of molecular states in the tunneling process for many organic thin-film insulators remains a topic of vigorous discussion. Simulations of the self-assembly of long-chain molecules at the liquidsolid interface provide a microscopic, molecular scale view of the dynamic processes that lead to the kinds of structures observed in STM studies of interfaces. These model molecular dynamics simulations offer useful clues to the physical and chemical driving forces that control molecular assembly. This paper reviews the progress and interconnections among the areas of interfacial adsorbate images, imaging mechanisms, and dynamical processes at the liquid-solid interface.

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Section: Iib Studies Of Hydrocarbons Physisorbed On Graphitementioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Iib Studies Of Hydrocarbons Physisorbed On Graphitementioning

confidence: 99%

STM Investigations of Organic Molecules Physisorbed at the Liquid−Solid Interface

1996

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“…For SDS solvated in water, the formation of oriented hemimicelles on the graphite surface has been reported, 12,19 but for C 12 we are not aware of publications in which the C 12 are in contact with the surface in the presence of water. In the absence of water, however, C 12 and related alkanes have been reported to form ordered monolayers experimentally [46][47][48][49] and theoretically. [50][51][52][53][54] We would like to point out that the presence of water changes the phase behavior of the system, and therefore these results cannot be compared directly with the ones reported in this work.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and Dynamics of Surfactant and Hydrocarbon Aggregates on Graphite: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study

2008

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We have examined the structure and dynamics of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and dodecane (C 12 ) molecular aggregates at varying surface coverages on the basal plane of graphite via classical molecular dynamics simulations. Our results suggest that graphite-hydrocarbon chain interactions favor specific molecular orientations at the single-molecule level via alignment of the tail along the crystallographic directions. This orientational bias is reduced greatly upon increasing the surface coverage for both molecules due to intermolecular interactions, leading to very weak bias at intermediate surface coverages. Interestingly, for complete monolayers, we find a re-emergent orientational bias. Furthermore, by comparing the SDS behavior with C 12 , we demonstrate that the charged head group plays a key role in the aggregate structures: SDS molecules display a tendency to form linear file-like aggregates while C 12 forms tightly bound planar ones. The observed orientational bias for SDS molecules is in agreement with experimental observations of hemimicelle orientation and provides support for the belief that an initial oriented layer governs the orientation of hemimicellar aggregates.

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“…Recent interest in nanometer size devices has encouraged the investigation of intra-and intermolecular forces that control and drive two-dimensional ordered nanostructures on a surface formed from the self-assembly of small molecular building blocks. A vast literature is available on the study of the selfassembly of various molecules on different substrates at liquid/ solid, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]17,22,23,[25][26][27][29][30][31][32][33][34][36][37][38]42,[44][45][46][47][48][49][54][55][56][57] gas (air)/solid, 18 and vacuum/solid interfaces. 15,16,[19][20][21]24,28,35,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental and Theoretical Study of the Formation of Nanostructures of Self-Assembled Cyanuric Acid through Hydrogen Bond Networks on Graphite

et al. 2007

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The self-assembly of cyanuric acid into ordered nanostructures on a crystalline substrate, highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), has been investigated at low temperature under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions by means of scanning tunneling microscopy in conjunction with theoretical simulations. Many domains with different self-assembly patterns were observed. One such domain represents the formation of an open 2D rosette (cyclic) structure from the self-assembly process, the first observation of this type of structure for pure cyanuric acid on a graphite substrate. Each self-assembled domain exhibits characteristic superstructures formed through different hydrogen bond networks at low coverage and low deposition rate. Experimental observation of coexistent, two-dimensional crystalline structures with distinct hydrogen bond patterns is supported by energy minimizations and molecular dynamics calculations, which show multiple stable structures for this molecule when self-assembled on graphite.

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Scanning tunneling microscopy of alkane adsorbates at the liquid/graphite interface

Cited by 48 publications

References 0 publications

STM Investigations of Organic Molecules Physisorbed at the Liquid−Solid Interface

STM Investigations of Organic Molecules Physisorbed at the Liquid−Solid Interface

Structure and Dynamics of Surfactant and Hydrocarbon Aggregates on Graphite: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study

An Experimental and Theoretical Study of the Formation of Nanostructures of Self-Assembled Cyanuric Acid through Hydrogen Bond Networks on Graphite

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