Scattering of elastic waves by a fracture zone containing randomly distributed cracks

Kawahara, Jun; Yamashita, Teruo

doi:10.1007/bf00876828

Cited by 68 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In our previous paper (Kawahara and Yamashita, 1992; hereafter referred to as Paper I), we theoretically studied the scattering of P, SV, and SH waves by a zonal distribution of aligned cracks, which simulates a fault fracture zone. It was investigated how the geometrical properties of the crack distribution and the frictional characteristics of the crack surface are reflected in the attenuation and dispersion of the incident waves due to the scattering.…”

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confidence: 99%

Scattering of P, SV Waves by Random Distribution of Aligned Open Cracks.

Kawahara

1992

J,Phys,Earth

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confidence: 99%

Scattering of P, SV Waves by Random Distribution of Aligned Open Cracks.

Kawahara

1992

J,Phys,Earth

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“…The theoretical consideration by Hudson (1981) predicted that inverse of quality factor (Q -1 ) is proportional to (ak) 3 in 3-D isotropic medium when cracks (or cavities) are distributed randomly and ak ( 1. Then, the numerical experiments using 2-D SH model (Yamashita 1990;Benites et al 1992;Kelner et al 1999) and 2-D P-SV model (Kawahara and Yamashita 1992) confirmed this feature. Under this condition, it is also known that wave velocity does not significantly change due to scattering, which is consistent with our experiments (Fig.…”

Section: Interpretationsmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…This feature has been interpreted as the increase of real contact area between the interfaces that makes the waves transmitted through the interfaces more efficiently (Kendall and Tabor 1971). Even in this case, we can alternatively interpret based on the scattering theory (e.g., Hudson 1981;Kawahara and Yamashita 1992) that due to the compaction caused by the normal stress increase void size becomes smaller that results in the increase in transmitted wave amplitude. We can consider other possibilities for anti-correlation between f and A.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Voids and Rock Friction at Subseismic Slip Velocity

Fukuyama

Yamashita

Mizoguchi

2017

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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Abstract-We found that the amplitudes of transmitted waves across the sliding surfaces are inversely correlated to high slip rate friction, especially when the interfaces slide fast ([ 10 -3 m/s). During the rock-rock friction experiments of metagabbro and diorite at sub-seismic slip rate (* 10 -3 m/s), friction does not reach steady state but fluctuates within certain range. The amplitudes of compressional waves transmitted across the slipping interfaces decrease when sliding friction becomes high and it increases when friction is low. Such amplitude variation can be interpreted based on the scattering theory; small amplitudes in transmitted waves correspond to the creation of large-scale (* 50 lm) voids and large amplitudes correspond to the smallscale (* 0.5 lm) voids. Thus, large-scale voids could be generated during the high-friction state and low-friction state was achieved by grain size reduction caused by a comminution process. This was partly confirmed by the experiments with a synthetic gouge layer. The result can be interpreted as an extension of force chain theory to high-velocity sliding regime; force chains were built during the high friction and they were destroyed during the low friction. This mechanism could be a microscopic aspect of friction evolution at sub-seismic slip rate.

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“…The displacement u inc , which is in the Y3 direction, is given by (2) where the time-harmonic factor, exp (-iwt), is omitted. In (2), Uo is the amplitude, w is the frequency, and 0 varies in the range 0 S 0 < 7r /2.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the analytical work in this area has focused only on the determination of speed and attenuation, as for example in [1][2][3][4][5], and not on reflection. Yet, reflection is the quantity that can be measured most easily.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%