Schedulability analysis in hard real-time systems under thermal constraints

Wang, Shengquan; Ahn, Youngwoo; Bettati, Riccardo

doi:10.1007/s11241-010-9104-7

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Most works addressing this problem consider Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) strategies. DVFS consists of scaling down the CPU speed and thereby lengthening task execution times to reduce energy consumption and lower the peak temperature [11,23,24,25].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The thermal behavior of a processor can be modeled using an RC circuit [21] shown in Figure 1. In this model, the heating is modeled by the current denoted P (t) passing through a thermal resistance R. The thermal capacitance is denoted C. Using this model, the derivative of the system temperature with respect to time can be calculated with Fourier's law [23] given by Equation 1.…”

Section: Heating Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Equations 2 to 4 give the formula to compute P (t), where α, β 0 , β 1 and β 2 are system specific constants [23]. We consider only a monoprocessor with active/inactive modes; thus, during active periods,…”

Section: Heating Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Response Time Analysis for Thermal-Aware Real-Time Systems under Fixed-Priority Scheduling

Chandarli¹,

Fisher²,

Masson³

2015

2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing

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This paper investigates schedulability analysis for thermal-aware realtime systems. Thermal constraints are becoming more and more critical in new generation miniaturized embedded systems, e.g. medical implants. As part of this work, we adapt the P F PASAP algorithm proposed in [1] for energy-harvesting systems to thermal-aware ones. We prove its optimality for non-concrete 1 fixed-priority task sets and propose a responsetime analysis based on worst-case response-time upper bounds. We evaluate the efficacy of the proposed bounds via extensive simulation over randomly-generated task systems.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Heating Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Response Time Analysis for Thermal-Aware Real-Time Systems under Fixed-Priority Scheduling

Chandarli¹,

Fisher²,

Masson³

2015

2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For such streams, checking if deadlines are met is not straightforward. Wang et al [2010], consider the problem of analysing the worst-case delay for the reactive speed scaling model they proposed in Wang and Bettati [2008]. Apart from the limitations in the modelling scope, the authors proposed computation technique requires solving of several non-linear constraints in an optimisation problem of uncharacterised size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worst-case guarantees on a processor with temperature-based feedback control of speed

Kumar

Thiele

2014

ACM Trans. Embed. Comput. Syst.

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On-chip temperatures continue to rise, in spite of design efforts towards more efficient cooling and novel lowpower technologies. Run-time thermal management techniques, such as speed scaling and system throttling, constitute a standard component in today's processors. One such technique is the feedback control of the processing speed based on the on-chip temperature. If suitably designed, such a controller can ensure that the temperature of the processor does not exceed a given bound, independent of the application. Such isolation of needs is encouraging. However, from the application's stand-point, such a processor must provide performance guarantees; in particular, the guarantee that real-time jobs do not have worst-case delays larger than their relative deadlines. For applications which exhibit variability, such as bursty arrival patterns, computing such guarantees is not apparent. As key enablers in such a computation, for the specific setting of First-Come-First-Serve (FCFS) scheduling, we (a) define and prove a monotonicity principle satisfied by the processor with the said controller, and (b) propose a thermally clipped processor model. We identify the worst-case trace simulating which on a suitably chosen thermally clipped processor provides the tight upper-bound on the worst-case delay. These results hold for general models of (a) the power consumption of the processor, (b) its thermal model, (c) the speed scaling law, and (d) the task model. For this modelling scope, we show that the same worst-case trace also leads to the worst-case temperature of the processor. This is useful to characterise tasks which do not load the processor sufficiently to hit the given peak temperature bound. We demonstrate the utility of this calculation by designing a shaper to delay the arrival times of jobs and thereby restrict the observed worst-case temperature while still meeting the task's deadlines. ACM Reference Format:Pratyush Kumar and Lothar Thiele. 2014. Worst-case guarantees on a processor with temperature-based feedback control of speed.

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Thermal-aware management techniques for cyber-physical systems

Krishna

Koren

2017

Sustainable Computing: Informatics and Systems

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Schedulability analysis in hard real-time systems under thermal constraints

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Response Time Analysis for Thermal-Aware Real-Time Systems under Fixed-Priority Scheduling

Response Time Analysis for Thermal-Aware Real-Time Systems under Fixed-Priority Scheduling

Worst-case guarantees on a processor with temperature-based feedback control of speed

Thermal-aware management techniques for cyber-physical systems

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