Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium: Emergence of schistosome cercariae from snails with darkness and illumination

Nojima, Hisatake; Sato, Atsuo

doi:10.1016/0014-4894(82)90060-1

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Specifically, the rat tapeworm H. diminuta is thought to migrate in response to mechanical pressure and serotonin (5-HT) resulting from gut peristalsis ( Mettrick and Cho, 1981 ; Sukhdeo, 1992 ) in response to food. Despite being inside a snail host, trematode cercariae may use light to time their exit: O. h. hupensis snails are small enough for light to penetrate, and cercariae are shed when light pulses are applied to snails kept in the dark ( Nojima and Sato, 1982 ; Raymond and Probert, 1987 ). This highlights a potential challenge for parasites with complex lifecycles: If there is a need for timekeeping in multiple host/vector species, can the same system be used because it is sensitive to a general cue or Zeitgeber?…”

Section: How Are Parasite Rhythms Generated?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Life and Times of Parasites: Rhythms in Strategies for Within-host Survival and Between-host Transmission

2017

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Biological rhythms are thought to have evolved to enable organisms to organize their activities according to the earth’s predictable cycles, but quantifying the fitness advantages of rhythms is challenging and data revealing their costs and benefits are scarce. More difficult still is explaining why parasites that live exclusively within the bodies of other organisms have biological rhythms. Rhythms exist in the development and traits of parasites, in host immune responses, and in disease susceptibility. This raises the possibility that timing matters for how hosts and parasites interact and, consequently, for the severity and transmission of diseases. Here, we take an evolutionary ecological perspective to examine why parasites exhibit biological rhythms and how their rhythms are regulated. Specifically, we examine the adaptive significance (evolutionary costs and benefits) of rhythms for parasites and explore to what extent interactions between hosts and parasites can drive rhythms in infections. That parasites with altered rhythms can evade the effects of control interventions underscores the urgent need to understand how and why parasites exhibit biological rhythms. Thus, we contend that examining the roles of biological rhythms in disease offers innovative approaches to improve health and opens up a new arena for studying host-parasite (and host-parasite-vector) coevolution.

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Section: How Are Parasite Rhythms Generated?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Life and Times of Parasites: Rhythms in Strategies for Within-host Survival and Between-host Transmission

2017

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“…The numbers of S. mansoni cercariae emerging during this diurnal cycle were found to be enhanced by exposure of snails to an extended dark period before their exposure to light (Kuntz 1947). Most authors have imposed 12-h:12-h L:D cycles in experimental studies (see, among others, Glaudel and Etges 1973;Nojima and Sato 1982;Kitaguchi et al 1992). Lewis et al (1989) monitored cercarial emergence under both 12-h:12-h and 15-h:9-h L:D cycles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cercarial emergence of Ichthyocotylurus erraticus (Rudolphi, 1809), I. variegatus (Creplin, 1825) and Apatemon gracilis (Rudolphi, 1819) (Digenea: Strigeidae): contrasting responses to light:dark cycling

Bell

Sommerville

Gibson

1999

Parasitology Research

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Many digenean cercariae have been shown to emerge from their molluscan hosts with distinct shedding patterns that have enabled the discrimination of morphologically similar species, or even strains. In this study the cercarial emission patterns of three strigeid species, Ichthyocotylurus erraticus, I. variegatus and Apatemon gracilis, from experimentally infected natural hosts were found to exhibit rhythms that correlated with the light:dark cycle. Both Ichthyocotylurus spp. exhibited a diurnal pattern of release in which cercariae emerged during the light period. Each demonstrated a latent period before the liberation of large numbers of cercariae and yielded similar numbers of cercariae daily. These rhythms offered no means for the discrimination of these two morphologically similar species. A. gracilis cercariae demonstrated a very different circadian rhythm in which the majority emerged at the onset of darkness with no latent period, whereas the cercarial numbers released daily were far greater. Differences could be related to piscine host behaviour.

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“…-preferir as horas matinais (antes das nove) para o banho e toda sorte de contatos com águas que possam estar poluídas, a fim de diminuir o risco de ataque por cercárias (25,39,40).…”

Section: Tratamento Da População Infectadaunclassified

Estratégias e métodos de controle da esquistossomose

Rey

1987

Cad. Saúde Pública

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INTRODUÇÃOA esquistossomose conta-se entre as poucas doenças parasitárias cuja distribuição e prevalência, em escala mundial, continuam a aumentar (2,15,16,41). A razão está em que o próprio homem promove o desenvolvimento de novos e maiores focos de transmissão ao construir, sem as devidas precauções, represas e obras de irrigação exigidas pela agricultura moderna e por sua extensão a novas áreas. (14,32,40). Aí, os moluscos encontram muitos dos seus habitats mais favoráveis, ao mesmo tempo que aumenta o contato das populações rurais com as águas superficiais, pois o melhoramento das condições de vida dessa gente está longe de progredir no mesmo passo.Grande número de programas de estudo epidemioló-gico ou de ensaios de controle da esquistossomose desenvolveram-se nas últimas décadas, em várias partes do mundo e particularmente no Brasil, Venezuela, Santa Lucia, Guadalupe, Porto Rico, Egito, Tunísia, Marrocos e Gana, bem como em outros países da África, do Médio Oriente e do

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Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium: Emergence of schistosome cercariae from snails with darkness and illumination

Cited by 20 publications

References 4 publications

The Life and Times of Parasites: Rhythms in Strategies for Within-host Survival and Between-host Transmission

The Life and Times of Parasites: Rhythms in Strategies for Within-host Survival and Between-host Transmission

Cercarial emergence of Ichthyocotylurus erraticus (Rudolphi, 1809), I. variegatus (Creplin, 1825) and Apatemon gracilis (Rudolphi, 1819) (Digenea: Strigeidae): contrasting responses to light:dark cycling

Estratégias e métodos de controle da esquistossomose

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