Schwinger particle-production mechanism for a finite-length flux tube with transverse confinement

Wong, Cheuk‐Yin; Renchuan, Wang; Wu, J.-S.

doi:10.1103/physrevd.51.3940

Cited by 22 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The external field is cylindrically symmetric. It vanishes outside the tube, A 3 (t, r > r 0 , ϕ, x 3 ) = 0, and it is homogeneous inside the flux tube, [17,18,19]. The Klein-Gordon equation (2) reads for the boson field φ(t, r, ϕ, x 3 ) as…”

Section: Bosons and Fermions In External Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lattice calculations were performed also to describe strong classical fields under finite space-time conditions [13,14]. Fermion pair production together with boson pair production were investigated by kinetic models of particle production from strong abelian [15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22] and non-abelian [23] fields. These calculations concentrated mostly on bulk properties, the time dependence of energy and particle number densities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transverse momentum spectra of fermions and bosons produced in strong Abelian fields

Skokov

Lévai²

2005

Phys. Rev. D

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We study the transverse momentum spectra of fermions and bosons produced in strong, timedependent abelian field. The transverse size of the abelian field is finite, similarly to color strings and ropes. Different time-dependent field strengths are investigated in a kinetic model, and transverse momentum spectra are calculated for fermions and bosons. These spectra display exponential or polynomial behavior at high pT , depending on the given time dependence. We compare our spectra to lattice result for a classical gluon field and obtain surprisingly good agreement in certain cases.PACS numbers: 24.85.+p, 12.38.Mh

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Section: Bosons and Fermions In External Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transverse momentum spectra of fermions and bosons produced in strong Abelian fields

Skokov

Lévai²

2005

Phys. Rev. D

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“…As pions are the most predominantly produced particle, the phenomenological treatment then involves in replacing µ 0 by M = m 2 π + p 2 ⊥,π . We can review the rapidity distribution for massless QED2 obtained previously [63]. The relation between the bosonic and the fermionic quantities in massless QED2 is [42,49,50] …”

Section: Particle Production As An Initial-value Problem In Bosonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The eigenvalue m ⊥ depends on J z and is independent of the quantum number η. Some examples of m(r), m ⊥ and transverse wave functions have been presented previously [55,62,63]. We can write the wave function ψ with the quantum number J z and a mass m ⊥ as a two-component wave function in an abstract two-dimensional QED2 space as…”

Section: Early Particle Production At High Energiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fermion sector can also be approximated. We shall assume that as a result of the non-perturbative nonAbelian gauge interaction, transverse confinement is established, and this confinement can be conveniently described by a scalar potential m(r) that limits the amplitude of the fermions to the region around the flux tube, as in previous descriptions [55,60,61,62,63]. The Dirac equation for a fermion in the tube in cylindrical coordinates (r, ϕ, z) is:…”

Section: Early Particle Production At High Energiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Momentum kick model description of the near-side ridge and jet quenching

Wong

2008

Phys. Rev. C

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In the momentum kick model, a near-side jet emerges near the surface, kicks medium partons, loses energy, and fragments into the trigger particle and fragmentation products. The kicked medium partons subsequently materialize as the observed ridge particles, which carry direct information on the magnitude of the momentum kick and the initial parton momentum distribution at the moment of jet-(medium parton) collisions. The initial parton momentum distribution extracted from the STAR ridge data for central AuAu collisions at √ sNN = 200 GeV has a thermal-like transverse momentum distribution and a rapidity plateau structure with a relatively flat distribution at midrapidity and sharp kinematic boundaries at large rapidities. Such a rapidity plateau structure may arise from particle production in flux tubes, as color charges and anti-color charges separate at high energies. The centrality dependence of the ridge yield and the degree of jet quenching can be consistently described by the momentum kick model.

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Open string QED meson description of the X17 particle and dark matter

Wong

2020

J. High Energ. Phys.

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As a quark and an antiquark cannot be isolated, the intrinsic motion of a composite qq system in its lowest-energy states lies predominantly in 1+1 dimensions, as in an open string with the quark and the antiquark at its two ends. Accordingly, we study the lowest-energy states of an open string qq system in QCD and QED in 1+1 dimensions. We show that π 0 , η, and η can be adequately described as open string qq QCD mesons. By extrapolating into the qq QED sector in which a quark and an antiquark interact with the QED interaction, we find an open string isoscalar I(J π) = 0(0 −) QED meson state at 17.9±1.5 MeV and an isovector (I(J π) = 1(0 −), I 3 = 0) QED meson state at 36.4±3.8 MeV. The predicted masses of the isoscalar and isovector QED mesons are close to the masses of the hypothetical X17 and E38 particles observed recently, making them good candidates for these particles. The decay products of QED mesons may show up as excess e + e − and γγ pairs in the anomalous soft photon phenomenon associated with hadron productions in high-energy hadron-proton collisions and e +-e − annihilations. Measurements of the invariant masses of excess e + e − and γγ pairs will provide tests for the existence of the open string qq QED mesons. An assembly of gravitating QED mesons are expected to emit electron-positron pairs and/or gamma rays and their decay energies and lifetimes will be modified by their gravitational binding energies. Consequently, a self-gravitating isoscalar QED meson assembly whose mass M and radius R satisfy (M/M)/(R/R) 4.71 × 10 5 will not produce electron-positron pairs nor gamma rays and may be a good candidate for the primordial dark matter.

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Schwinger particle-production mechanism for a finite-length flux tube with transverse confinement

Cited by 22 publications

References 18 publications

Transverse momentum spectra of fermions and bosons produced in strong Abelian fields

Transverse momentum spectra of fermions and bosons produced in strong Abelian fields

Momentum kick model description of the near-side ridge and jet quenching

Open string QED meson description of the X17 particle and dark matter

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