Science and technology of farm animal cloning: State of the art

Vajta, Gábor; Gjerris, Mickey

doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2005.12.001

Cited by 87 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Until now, more than 200 types of cells were used as nuclei donor and resulted in live offspring (Vajta and Gjerris, 2006). However, in spite of these advances in extending donor cell types for pig cloning, few of these studies give us an explicit answer for which cell type could result in higher overall cloning efficiency.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Determining the Efficiency of Porcine Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer: Data Analysis with Over 200,000 Reconstructed Embryos

Liu

Dou

Xiang

et al. 2015

Cellular Reprogramming

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Data analysis in somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) research is usually limited to several hundreds or thousands of reconstructed embryos. Here, we report mass results obtained with an established and consistent porcine SCNT system (handmade cloning [HMC]). During the experimental period, 228,230 reconstructed embryos and 82,969 blastocysts were produced. After being transferred into 656 recipients, 1070 piglets were obtained. First, the effects of different types of donor cells, including fetal fibroblasts (FFs), adult fibroblasts (AFs), adult preadipocytes (APs), and adult blood mesenchymal (BM) cells, were investigated on the further in vitro and in vivo development. Compared to adult donor cells (AFs, APs, BM cells, respectively), FF cells resulted in a lower blastocyst/reconstructed embryo rate (30.38% vs. 37.94%, 34.65%, and 34.87%, respectively), but a higher overall efficiency on the number of piglets born alive per total blastocysts transferred (1.50% vs. 0.86%, 1.03%, and 0.91%, respectively) and a lower rate of developmental abnormalities (10.87% vs. 56.57%, 24.39%, and 51.85%, respectively). Second, recloning was performed with cloned adult fibroblasts (CAFs) and cloned fetal fibroblasts (CFFs). When CAFs were used as the nuclear donor, fewer developmental abnormalities and higher overall efficiency were observed compared to AFs (56.57% vs. 28.13% and 0.86% vs.

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confidence: 99%

Factors Determining the Efficiency of Porcine Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer: Data Analysis with Over 200,000 Reconstructed Embryos

Liu

Dou

Xiang

et al. 2015

Cellular Reprogramming

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“…The recent voluntary withdrawal, amid allegations of scientific impropriety, of publications that claimed successful human nuclear transfer [11] suggests that a reassessment of the critical pathways to performing successful SCNT with human oocytes is required. Somatic cell nuclear transfer in mammals was first performed in the early 1980s, and numerous approaches have been used to achieve the four major steps involved in the nuclear transfer procedure (reviewed in [12][13][14]). These four steps are preparation of recipient cytoplasts (enucleated oocytes), preparation of donor DNA, transfer of the donor DNA into the cytoplast, and resumption of embryonic development by parthenogenetic activation, all of which must be completed without damaging the donor nucleus or the host oocyte/cellular integrity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Human Cloned Blastocysts Following Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer with Adult Fibroblasts

French¹,

et al. 2008

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Nuclear transfer stem cells hold considerable promise in the field of regenerative medicine and cell-based drug discovery. In this study, a total of 29 oocytes were obtained from three young (20 -24 years old) reproductive egg donors who had been successful in previous cycles. These oocytes, deemed by intended parents to be in excess of their reproductive needs, were donated for research without financial compensation by both the egg donor and intended parents after receiving informed consent. All intended parents successfully achieved ongoing pregnancies with the oocytes retained for reproductive purposes. Mature oocytes, obtained within 2 hours following transvaginal aspiration, were enucleated using one of two methods, extrusion or aspiration, after 45 minutes of incubation in cytochalasin B. Rates of oocyte lysis or degeneration did not differ between the two methods. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos were constructed using two established adult male fibroblast lines of normal karyotype. High rates of pronuclear formation (66%), early cleavage (47%), and blastocyst (23%) development were observed following incubation in standard in vitro fertilization culture media. One cloned blastocyst was confirmed by DNA and mitochondrial DNA fingerprinting analyses, and DNA fingerprinting of two other cloned blastocysts indicated that they were also generated by SCNT. Blastocysts were also obtained from a limited number of parthenogenetically activated oocytes. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that SCNT can produce human blastocyst-stage embryos using nuclei obtained from differentiated adult cells and provides new information on methods that may be needed for a higher level of efficiency for human nuclear transfer. STEM CELLS 2008;26:485-493 Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.

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“…Recently, there has been some controversy on the biological age of the SCNT-derived offspring, and whether they may susceptible for pre-mature death compared to their age-matched control counterparts [56]. A good example of this was the premature death of "Dolly".…”

Section: Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (Cloning)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following this breakthrough, theoretically, it seems to be a promising technology to produce unlimited numbers of genetic copies from an adult animal or a fetus; and so far many species including farm, pet and endangered animals have been cloned using this technology [56]. Obtaining a viable offspring through this technology still imposes a great challenge for researchers due to its relatively low success rate and in some instances compromised health status of offspring [57,58).…”

Section: Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (Cloning)mentioning

confidence: 99%