Scientific CMOS Pixels

Janesick, James R.; Gunawan, Ferry; Dosluoglu, T.; Tower, John; McCaffrey, Niel

doi:10.1007/1-4020-2527-0_11

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Other innovations of the pixels such as 5T and 6T pixels also exist ( [14]). They are designed for instance to perform Correlated Double Sampling operations ( [10], [16]), but they still rely on charge integration on the anode capacitance, which causes a voltage decrease similar to the one expressed in Eq. (4).…”

Section: Design Of the Aps Tfdmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It immediately follows that the active layer doping must be approximately 10 14 cm −3 to 10 15 cm −3 , values which can be found for several triple well modern CMOS technologies [9][10][11]. The active layer can be either an epitaxial layer or a lowly doped substrate.…”

Section: The Tfd Basic Working Principlementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Fir two pixels of the same overall area, one of the key parameters for evaluating the pixel performances is the product of the FF by the overall quantum efficiency. Most CMOS sensors are based on the APS concept, exploiting the well known three transistors (3T) topology [10]. This solution guarantees a pixel-level electronic preamplification with the minimum number of transistors, in order to keep a reasonable FF.…”

Section: Design Of the Aps Tfdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Further developments on a novel color sensitive CMOS detector

Langfelder

Longoni

Zaraga

2009

Optical Sensors 2009

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The Transverse Field Detector (TFD) is a recently proposed Silicon pixel device designed to perform color imaging without the use of color filters. The color detection principle is based on the dependence of the Silicon absorption coefficient from the wavelength and relies on the generation of a suitable transverse electric field configuration, within the semiconductor active layer, to drive photocarriers generated at different depths towards different collecting electrodes. Each electrode has in this way a different spectral response with respect to the incoming wavelength. Pixels with three or four different spectral responses can be implemented within ~ 6 μm of pixel dimension. Thanks to the compatibility with standard triple well CMOS processes, the TFD can be used in an Active Pixel Sensor exploiting a dedicated readout topology, based on a single transistor charge amplifier. The overall APS electronics includes five transistors (5T) and a feedback capacitance, with a resulting overall fill factor around 50%. In this work the three colors and four colors TFD pixel simulations and implementations in a 90 nm standard CMOS triple well technology are described. Details on the design of a TFD APS mini matrix are provided and preliminary experimental results on four colors pixels are presented.

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Section: Design Of the Aps Tfdmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: The Tfd Basic Working Principlementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Design Of the Aps Tfdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Further developments on a novel color sensitive CMOS detector

Langfelder

Longoni

Zaraga

2009

Optical Sensors 2009

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“…Other topologies of active pixels such as 5T and 6T pixels have also been proposed ( [2], [3]). They are designed to perform true Correlated Double Sampling operations, but they still rely on charge integration on the anode capacitance, which causes a voltage decrease similar to the one described above [17].…”

Section: Design Of An Integrated Pixel Electronics For the Tfdmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Transverse Field Detector: a CMOS active pixel sensor capable of on-line tuning of the spectral response

2009

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The Transverse Field Detector (TFD) is a CMOS photosensitive device for imaging applications that performs color detection without color filters. Suitably biased surface contacts generate in the Silicon active layer an electric field configuration that drives the carriers generated at different depths to different surface contacts. The TFD avoids the light losses caused by conventional Color Filter Arrays (CFA) on top of a sensor and does not need demosaicing to reconstruct the color at each position. With respect to color pixels based on the use of CFA, the TFD offers the possibility of spectral responses tuning, through a suitable change of the surface electrodes biasing. With respect to color pixels based on the use of stacked junctions the TFD offers the possibility of four-color response. In this work experimental results obtained with first prototypes are discussed showing the color tuning capability. The design, and realization of a first mini matrix of Active Pixel TFD in a 90 nm standard process is presented.

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“…The charge packets are not transferred, but are instead detected as early as possible by charge amplifier 6 . Mainly speaking, there are two pixel architectures: Passive pixel sensor (PPS) and Active pixel sensor (APS) 3 . To CMOS PPS, amplifiers are implemented at the top of the each column of pixels and the pixels themselves contain one transistor used as a charge gate, switching the contents of the pixel to the charge amplifier as shown in fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A CMOS camera with extended dynamic range

Shang

Song

2004

SPIE Proceedings

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Dynamic range is a very important figure of merit to an imaging system in astronomy since it decides the range of brightness we can observe. This paper describes the design of a CMOS camera with extended dynamic range in which the CMOS sensor achieves high dynamic range by its dual slope response. We first established a model of how the dual slope response works, and gave a method to restore the image from dual slope response to linear response with the extended dynamic range. Then the data needed in the restoration to linear image was obtained in the laboratory by experiments using stable light source based on the model. At last the results of high dynamic range linear response images are shown using these experiment data.

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Scientific CMOS Pixels

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Further developments on a novel color sensitive CMOS detector

Further developments on a novel color sensitive CMOS detector

The Transverse Field Detector: a CMOS active pixel sensor capable of on-line tuning of the spectral response

A CMOS camera with extended dynamic range

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