d-Arabitol Ameliorates Obesity and Metabolic Disorders via the Gut Microbiota–SCFAs–WAT Browning Axis

Abstract

D-Arabitol, which is typically found in mushrooms, lichens, and higher fungi, might play an effective role in alleviating visceral fat accumulation and insulin resistance particularly for its low calorie and glycemic index. However, the regulatory mechanisms of D-arabitol for alleviating obesity and associated metabolic disorders remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate and analyze the underlying relationship between D-arabitol-mediated gut microbiota and obesity. The results showed that D-arabitol dramatically ameliorated body weight gain, fat accumulation, and insulin resistance in HFD-fed rats. Likewise, D-arabitol remarkably increased the relative abundance of the genera Blautia, Anaerostipes, and Phascolarctobacterium and decreased the genera Romboutsia and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1. Furthermore, these alterations in gut microflora increased SCFAs, which in turn indirectly promoted AMPK-PGC-1α-related white adipose tissue (WAT) browning. Therefore, D-arabitol would have the potential to alleviate obesity through the gut microbiota−SCFAs−WAT browning axis. It could be considered as a sugar substitute for the obese population and diabetic patients.

Galactooligosaccharide or 2′-Fucosyllactose Modulates Gut Microbiota and Inhibits LPS/TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway to Prevent DSS-Induced Colitis Aggravated by a High-Fructose Diet in Mice

“…FL or GOS consumption increased the diversity of gut microbiota and also altered the structure of the microbes affected by feeding HFrD. Specifically, GOS or FL increased the alpha diversity of gut microbiota, reduced the levels of LPS-producing bacteria, and increased the levels of SCFAs-producing bacteria ( Parasutterella , Blautia , Ruminiclostridium_9 , Butyricimonas , Ruminiclostridium , Oscillibacter , Ruminococcaceae_UCG-004 , and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group ), compared to the Fw group. − In DSS-induced colitis, the differences in gut microbiota between the FL and GOS treatments were more pronounced in regular diet-fed mice, whereas the differences were not significant in HFrD-fed mice . This may explain why the ameliorative effects between GOS and FL are similar to those of mice with HFrD, which were different in mice with a regular diet.…”

Regulation of glucolipid metabolism and gut microbiota by green and black teas in hyperglycemic mice

“…37 Phascolarctobacterium producing SCFAs can improve the function of the gastrointestinal tract and reduce the level of inflammation. 38 Likewise, a significant selective enhancement of Bacteroides , Ruminococcus , Parabacteroides , and Coprococcus genera in the NC group was found. Specifically, Parabacteroides is a dominant bacteria, and its primary metabolic end products are beneficial acetic acid and succinic acid, helpful to resist inflammation.…”

Insoluble Dietary Fiber from Okara Combined with Intermittent Fasting Treatment Synergistically Confers Antiobesity Effects by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Its Metabolites

“…Furthermore, a remarkable reduction in HFD-induced total weight gain was also observed in the HPSIDF + IF group ( p < 0.001) (Figure B). Lee’s index is a useful tool for determining the degree of obesity. − The HPSIDF + IF group dramatically reduced Lee’s index of HFD-fed mice in contrast with the IF ( p < 0.001) and HPSIDF ( p < 0.05) groups (Figure C). Besides, calorie intake and food efficiency ratio were higher in the HFD group (Figure D–F).…”