<scp>EU</scp> regulation of genetically modified microorganisms in light of new policy developments: Possible implications for <scp>EU</scp> bioeconomy investments

Wesseler, Justus; Kleter, G.A.; Meulenbroek, Marthe; Purnhagen, Kai P.

doi:10.1002/aepp.13259

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Policymakers can support development not only by supporting investments via subsidies but also by providing a stimulating policy environment ( Smith et al, 2021 ). Cultivating transgenic tobacco plants and extracting and processing the CGP in Argentina appears to be a more cost-efficient strategy than that in which the tobacco is cultivated in Europe or Argentina and the crude CGP is exported to the EU, as indicated by recent research on the costs for approvals ( Wesseler, et al, 2022 in press).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Production of the Cyanophycin Biopolymer in Tobacco in the Greenhouse and Field

Huckauf

Brandt

Dezar³

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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The production of biodegradable polymers as coproducts of other commercially relevant plant components can be a sustainable strategy to decrease the carbon footprint and increase the commercial value of a plant. The biodegradable polymer cyanophycin granular polypeptide (CGP) was expressed in the leaves of a commercial tobacco variety, whose seeds can serve as a source for biofuel and feed. In T0 generation in the greenhouse, up to 11% of the leaf dry weight corresponded to the CGP. In T1 generation, the maximum content decreased to approximately 4% dw, both in the greenhouse and first field trial. In the field, a maximum harvest of 4 g CGP/plant could be obtained. Independent of the CGP content, most transgenic plants exhibited a slight yield penalty in the leaf biomass, especially under stress conditions in greenhouse and field trials. After the harvest, the leaves were either Sun dried or ensiled. The resulting material was used to evaluate the extraction of CGP compared to that in the laboratory protocol. The farm-level analysis indicates that the extraction of CGP from tobacco plants can provide alternative income opportunities for tobacco farmers. The CGP yield/ha indicates that the CGP production in plants can be economically feasible depending on the cultivation and extraction costs. Moreover, we analyzed the consumer acceptance of potential applications associated with GM tobacco in four European countries (Germany, Finland, Italy and the Netherlands) and found unexpectedly high acceptance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Production of the Cyanophycin Biopolymer in Tobacco in the Greenhouse and Field

Huckauf

Brandt

Dezar³

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…They often include costs for receiving approval for introducing new prod-ucts. These approval costs can be considered irreversible (Wesseler et al, 2022). They include not only the direct costs for generating the information approval but also the time length of the approval process.…”

Section: Importance Of Uncertainty and Irreversibility For Innovation...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Approval policies can also differ by jurisdiction and either increase or decrease the size of the market. Studies have shown that the irreversibility effect of approval polices can be substantial (Wesseler et al, 2022). Approval must not only be seen as a cost.…”

Section: Importance Of Uncertainty and Irreversibility For Innovation...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable agri-food supply chains: contemporary and new challenges in logistics terms

Wajszczuk¹,

Kozera-Kowalska²

2022

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Innovation in the agribusiness sector depends on the irreversibility effect. The irreversibility effect depends strongly on the regulatory environment. Innovation in agribusiness will be important for achieving the objectives of the European Green Deal. Policy makers can influence the regulatory environment. This contribution shows the link between the EU Green Deal policies and innovation in agribusiness. The innovation activity has implications along the whole agriculture food supply chain. Thus, regulatory polices affect the whole supply chain as well. For innovation in agribusiness important regulatory policies are environmental safety and food safety regulations. Adjusting these policies will be a challenge, but important for achieving the Green Deal objectives.

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“…The first genetic modified (preventing from turning brown) mushroom A. bisporus received regulatory declaration by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) since 2016 (Waltz, 2016 ; Wesseler et al, 2022 ), which implied the great potential of gene‐edited mushroom application in global food or nutritive fortifier markets. The CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology has also been applied to other mushroom, containing Pleurotus ostreatus (Boontawon, Nakazawa, Horii, et al, 2021 ; Boontawon, Nakazawa, Inoue, et al, 2021 ; Boontawon, Takehito, Xu, et al, 2021 ), P. eryngii (Wang et al, 2021 ), Ganoderma lucidum (Liu et al, 2020 ; Qin et al, 2017 ; Tu et al, 2021 ; Wang et al, 2020 ), Schizophyllum commune (Jan Vonk et al, 2019 ), Coprinopsis cinerea (Sugano et al, 2017 ), Lentinula edodes (Moon et al, 2021 ) and C. militaris (Chen et al, 2018 ; Zou, Xiao, et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiplex gene precise editing and large DNA fragment deletion by the CRISPR‐Cas9‐TRAMA system in edible mushroom Cordyceps militaris

Chen

Xue

Wei

et al. 2022

Microbial Biotechnology

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The medicinal mushroom Cordyceps militaris contains abundant valuable bioactive ingredients that have attracted a great deal of attention in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. However, the development of this valuable mushroom faces the obstacle of lacking powerful genomic engineering tools. Here, by excavating the endogenous tRNA‐processed element, introducing the extrachromosomal plasmid and alongside with homologous template, we develop a marker‐free CRISPR‐Cas9‐TRAMA genomic editing system to achieve the multiplex gene precise editing and large synthetic cluster deletion in C. militaris. We further operated editing in the synthetases of cordycepin and ergothioneine to demonstrate the application of Cas9‐TRAMA system in protein modification, promoter strength evaluation and 10 kb metabolic synthetic cluster deletion. The Cas9‐TRAMA system provides a scalable method for excavating the valuable metabolic resource of medicinal mushrooms and constructing a mystical cellular pathway to elucidate the complex cell behaviours of the edible mushroom.

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EU regulation of genetically modified microorganisms in light of new policy developments: Possible implications for EU bioeconomy investments

Abstract: Many developments in the bioeconomy depend on the use of genetically modified microorganisms (GMMs).GMMs are used in bioreactors to convert biomass into food, feed, and energy products. The recent judgment

Cited by 30 publications

References 49 publications

Sustainable Production of the Cyanophycin Biopolymer in Tobacco in the Greenhouse and Field

Sustainable Production of the Cyanophycin Biopolymer in Tobacco in the Greenhouse and Field

Sustainable agri-food supply chains: contemporary and new challenges in logistics terms

Multiplex gene precise editing and large DNA fragment deletion by the CRISPR‐Cas9‐TRAMA system in edible mushroom Cordyceps militaris

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