Two‐dimensional MXenes: New frontier of wearable and flexible electronics

Abstract

Wearable electronics offer incredible benefits in mobile healthcare monitoring, sensing, portable energy harvesting and storage, human-machine interactions, etc., due to the evolution of rigid electronics structure to flexible and stretchable devices. Lately, transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) are highly regarded as a group of thriving two-dimensional nanomaterials and extraordinary building blocks for emerging flexible electronics platforms because of their excellent electrical conductivity, enriched surface functionalities, and large surface area. This article reviews the most recent developments in MXene-enabled flexible electronics for wearable electronics. Several MXeneenabled electronic devices designed on a nanometric scale are highlighted by drawing attention to widely developed nonstructural attributes, including 3D configured devices, textile and planer substrates, bioinspired structures, and printed materials. Furthermore, the unique progress of these nanodevices is highlighted by representative applications in healthcare, energy, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, and humanoid control of machines. The emerging prospects of MXene nanomaterials as a key frontier in nextgeneration wearable electronics are envisioned and the design challenges of these electronic systems are also discussed, followed by proposed solutions.

Flexible and highly‐sensitive pressure sensor based on controllably oxidized MXene

“…6 Because of their high specific surface area, excellent conductivity (~10 4 S cm À1 ), and good processability in aqueous dispersions, two-dimensional (2D) metal carbides, and nitrides (MXenes) have been investigated for application in the sensitive component of pressure sensors, and MXenes have demonstrated excellent flexibility and sensing performance. [7][8][9][10] Generally, MXenes are synthesized by etching monoatomic metal layers from MAX precursor, where M is an early transition metal, A is usually an element from Group 13 or 14, and X is carbon and/or nitrogen. [11][12][13] The resulting MXene nanosheets can be described as M n+1 X n T x (n = 1-3), where T x represents the termination groups such as hydroxyl, oxygen, or fluorine.…”

Fully Fibrous Large‐Area Tailorable Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on Solution Blow Spinning Technology for Energy Harvesting and Self‐Powered Sensing

“…Thus, MXene becomes an alternative to conventional polymeric electronegative materials for TENGs to improve performance. [ 27–29 ]…”

“…Thus, MXene becomes an alternative to conventional polymeric electronegative materials for TENGs to improve performance. [27][28][29] Comfort is an essential factor when applied to wearable devices for interacting with the human body. Nevertheless, most traditional wearable devices are constructed from polymeric block materials or films, suffering from thick or airtight disadvantages.…”

Recent Research Progress in the Structure, Fabrication, and Application of MXene-Based Heterostructures

“…At present, numerous synthesis routes of MXene-based heterostructures have been proposed, and the synthesized heterostructures have been widely applied in the fields of supercapacitors, sensors, batteries, and photocatalysts [ 46 , 47 , 48 ]. Currently, some effort has been spent in summarizing the research progress of MXene materials, and a few articles have been written to review the research progress of MXene-based heterostructures in a certain application scenario, which can be complementary to this work [ 49 , 50 , 51 ]. In addition, the preparation and applications of MXene and MXene-based heterostructure materials are developing rapidly, and as a result, it is meaningful to write a timely review to summarize the current research status around this topic.…”