Screening for Cancer in Persons Living with HIV Infection

Goedert, James J.; Hosgood, H. Dean; Biggar, Robert J.; Strickler, Howard D.; Rabkin, Charles S.

doi:10.1016/j.trecan.2016.06.007

Cited by 35 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Immunosuppression, in particular when induced by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections, provided an answer: prior to the introduction of the highly active anti‐retroviral therapy (HAART) follow‐up studies claimed a reduced risk for breast cancer in HIV‐infected women (reviewed in Refs. 96,97). After successful HIV‐therapy, the risk for these cancers, as well as for prostate cancer remained comparable to the non‐HIV‐infected population.…”

Section: Hiv‐induced Immunosuppression and Risk For Breast And Colon mentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific nutritional infections early in life as risk factors for human colon and breast cancers several decades later

Hausen

Bund

Villiers

2018

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Section: Hiv‐induced Immunosuppression and Risk For Breast And Colon mentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific nutritional infections early in life as risk factors for human colon and breast cancers several decades later

Hausen

Bund

Villiers

2018

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…Mortality rates after diagnosis of cancer were lower during 2006-2015 than 1996-2005: these declines were not explained by changes in CD4 count and viral load at cancer diagnosis. Possible explanations are earlier cancer stage at diagnosis due to improvements in screening, 29 improvements in care among PLHIV, 7,30 greater awareness of drug-drug interactions, 31 availability of more effective treatment for cancer 32 or patients with higher CD4 counts being able to withstand more doses of chemotherapy. 33 The most common cancers reported were the ADMs Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and cervical cancer and the NADMs lung cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma, anal cancer, head and neck cancers and liver cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cause‐specific mortality after diagnosis of cancer among HIV‐positive patients: A collaborative analysis of cohort studies

Trickey

May

Gill

et al. 2020

Intl Journal of Cancer

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People living with HIV (PLHIV) are more likely than the general population to develop AIDS‐defining malignancies (ADMs) and several non‐ADMs (NADMs). Information is lacking on survival outcomes and cause‐specific mortality after cancer diagnosis among PLHIV. We investigated causes of death within 5 years of cancer diagnosis in PLHIV enrolled in European and North American HIV cohorts starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) 1996–2015, aged ≥16 years, and subsequently diagnosed with cancer. Cancers were grouped: ADMs, viral NADMs and nonviral NADMs. We calculated cause‐specific mortality rates (MR) after diagnosis of specific cancers and compared 5‐year survival with the UK and France general populations. Among 83,856 PLHIV there were 4,436 cancer diagnoses. Of 603 deaths after ADM diagnosis, 292 (48%) were due to an ADM. There were 467/847 (55%) and 74/189 (39%) deaths that were due to an NADM after nonviral and viral NADM diagnoses, respectively. MR were higher for diagnoses between 1996 and 2005 versus 2006–2015: ADMs 102 (95% CI 92–113) per 1,000 years versus 88 (78–100), viral NADMs 134 (106–169) versus 111 (93–133) and nonviral NADMs 264 (232–300) versus 226 (206–248). Estimated 5‐year survival for PLHIV diagnosed with liver (29% [19–39%]), lung (18% [13–23%]) and cervical (75% [63–84%]) cancer was similar to general populations. Survival after Hodgkin's lymphoma diagnosis was lower in PLHIV (75% [67–81%]). Among ART‐treated PLHIV diagnosed with cancer, MR and causes of death varied by cancer type, with mortality highest for liver and lung cancers. Deaths within 5 years of NADM diagnoses were more likely to be from cancer than AIDS.

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“…The assessment and the implementation of specific screening guidelines for this population as an attempt to ensure early cancer diagnosis should be also considered. As proposed by Goedert et al ., physical examination of HIV‐infected patients during routine appointments could be a tool to detect some malignancies . In addition to that, efforts to ensure proper cancer treatment in this population should also be emphasized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As proposed by Goedert et al, physical examination of HIV-infected patients during routine appointments could be a tool to detect some malignancies. 39 In addition to that, efforts to ensure proper cancer treatment in this population should also be emphasized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer survival in people with AIDS: A population‐based study from São Paulo, Brazil

Tanaka

Latorre

Gutierrez

et al. 2017

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Cancer survival among people with AIDS (PWA) has been described in developed countries, but there is lack of data from developing countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate survival after cancer diagnosis in PWA and compare it with people without AIDS (non-PWA) in São Paulo, Brazil. A probabilistic record linkage was carried out between the databases of the Population-based Cancer Registry of São Paulo (PBCR-SP) and the AIDS registry of SP (SINAN) to identify PWA who developed cancer. For comparison, non-PWA were frequency matched from the PBCR-SP by cancer site/type, sex, age, and period. Hazard ratio (HR) stratified by matching variables was estimated using a Cox proportional hazards model. A total of 1,294 PWA (20 patients with two primary site tumors) were included in the site/type-specific analyses. AIDS-defining cancers (ADC) comprised 51.9% of cases assessed. The all-cancer 5-year overall survival in PWA was 49.4% versus 72.7% in non-PWA (HR = 2.64; 95%CI = 2.39-2.91). Survival was impaired in PWA for both ADC (HR = 2.93; 95%CI = 2.49-3.45) and non-ADC (HR = 2.51; 95%CI = 2.21-2.84), including bladder (HR = 8.11; 95% CI = 2.09-31.52), lung (HR = 2.93; 95%CI = 1.97-4.36) and anal cancer (HR = 2.53; 95%CI = 1.63-3.94). These disparities were seen mainly in the first year after cancer diagnosis. The overall survival was significantly lower in PWA in comparison with non-PWA in São Paulo, as seen in high-income countries. Efforts to enhance early diagnosis and ensure proper cancer treatment in PWA should be emphasized.

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Screening for Cancer in Persons Living with HIV Infection

Cited by 35 publications

References 86 publications

Specific nutritional infections early in life as risk factors for human colon and breast cancers several decades later

Specific nutritional infections early in life as risk factors for human colon and breast cancers several decades later

Cause‐specific mortality after diagnosis of cancer among HIV‐positive patients: A collaborative analysis of cohort studies

Cancer survival in people with AIDS: A population‐based study from São Paulo, Brazil

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