Screening for Epstein-Barr and human cytomegalovirus in normal and abnormal cervical smears by fluorescent in situ cytohybridization

Schön, Hans; Schurz, Brigitte; März, Richard; Knogler, W.; Kubista, E.

doi:10.1007/bf01309638

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…[6][7][8][9][10] Rates of CMV infection of up to 29% have been found in women with normal cervical smears. 8 Rates of detection are higher in younger women, 6 in those with human papillomavirus infection, 9 and in prostitutes and women attending sexually transmitted disease clinics. 7 However, histologically diagnosed CMV cervicitis is rare, with reports limited to individual cases or small numbers of cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomegalovirus infection of the cervix: morphological observations in five cases of a possibly under-recognised condition

McGalie

McBride²,

McCluggage³

2004

J Clin Pathol

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Aims: Histologically diagnosed cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection of the cervix is rare and the associated morphological features are not well described. This study describes histopathological findings in five biopsies from four patients with CMV cervicitis. Methods: CMV inclusions were identified in five cervical biopsies from four patients in a single institution over eight months. The clinical notes were reviewed, the morphological features documented, and immunohistochemical staining for CMV performed. CMV immunohistochemical staining was also performed on 30 consecutive cervical biopsies in which inclusions were not seen histologically. Results: None of the patients was immunocompromised but one was postnatal. Numbers of CMV inclusions ranged from occasional to abundant and they were located mainly in endocervical glandular epithelial cells but also in endothelial and mesenchymal cells. Inclusions were not seen in squamous cells. Inclusions were eosinophilic and were intracytoplasmic rather than intranuclear. They were positive immunohistochemically for CMV. Associated morphological features included fibrin thrombi within small blood vessels (three cases), dense active inflammatory infiltrates (five cases), lymphoid follicles (two cases), vacuolation of glandular epithelial cells (two cases), and reactive changes in glandular epithelial cells (two cases). CMV inclusions were not identified in the 30 additional cases that underwent immunohistochemical staining. Conclusions: CMV infection of the cervix may be more common than is thought. Patients are usually immunocompetent and require no treatment. Morphological features such as a dense inflammatory cell infiltrate with lymphoid follicles, and especially fibrin thrombi within small vessels, should alert the pathologist to look closely for the pathognomonic CMV inclusion bodies.H istologically diagnosed cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection of the cervix is rare and the published literature is limited to a few reports, mainly of individual cases or small numbers of cases. [1][2][3][4][5] In this report, we describe the histological features in five biopsies from four patients with CMV infection of the cervix diagnosed in a single institution over an eight month period. By documenting the associated histological appearances we hope to identify features that should alert the pathologist to search for CMV inclusion bodies. We also reviewed the clinical notes to ascertain whether factors predisposing to CMV infection were present and performed CMV immunohistochemical staining on 30 consecutive cervical biopsies where inclusions were not seen to determine whether this might identify additional cases that were not diagnosed on morphological examination. MATERIALS AND METHODSCases were reported by a gynaecological pathologist (WGM) in a single institution over an eight month period. The five cases of CMV cervicitis were from a total of 957 cervical biopsies reported during that period. The associated morphological features were documented.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomegalovirus infection of the cervix: morphological observations in five cases of a possibly under-recognised condition

McGalie

McBride²,

McCluggage³

2004

J Clin Pathol

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“…Using in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction techniques, CMV can be found in up to 29% of women with normal cervical smears, with higher rates in younger women and those affected with sexually transmitted diseases. 1,2 In comparison, histologically diagnosed cases of CMV cervicitis are much rarer, with numbers limited to small series or case reports. 1,[3][4][5][6][7] In cervical smears, a review of the English literature up to this date reveals only 11 cases in which cytological evidence of CMV infection was reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual microbial organisms seen in two cervical smears

Brimo

Ouad²,

Brodeur

et al. 2009

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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Very infrequently, unusual microbial organisms are encountered in routine cervical Pap tests. We herein report two such cases in two asymptomatic women. Case 1. A Pap smear of a 16-year-old-female showed rare glandular cells with cytologic features consistent with Cytomegalovirus infection. Case 2. A Pap smear of a 36-year-old female exhibited rare fungal organisms characterized by thin septate hyphae branching into secondary branches (metulae) which carried multiple flask-shaped philiades most consistent with Penicillium species that were "most likely representing contamination." We discuss the cytomorphological features and the differential diagnosis and provide a brief review of the literature on these topics.

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“…Application of molecular techniques to cell samples is an adjunct to morphology that can be of assistance to the cytologist. Immunohistochemistry, 13,17 flow cytometry, 10,16,19,22 in situ hybridization, 11 fluorescence in situ hybridization 21 and PCR-based methods 4,7 have been applied to cytologic samples. In a recent study the utility of detecting expression of carcinoembryonic antigen by RT-PCR in peritoneal …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%