Screening of Bioactive Compounds from Madagascar Periwinkle and Their Importance in Drug Discovery

There are abundant therapeutic plants out there in the vegetation providing numerous health benefits and waiting to be discovered more about them. There are diversions of plants that provide medicinal aid to various ailments and are differentiated based on the various plant families they belong to. In this study, we focus on the two species that belong to the same family. i.e., Fabaceae which are, Clitoria ternatea and Pterocarpus santalinus. Fabaceae plant family is believed to consist of humungous health benefits including antimicrobial activities, helping in wound healing, being anti-cancer. The presence of a wide variety of secondary bioactive metabolites, including Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Coumarins, Terpenoids, Sterols, and Phenolic acids which have been frequently reported to be present in various plant species of this Fabaceae family, may explain the variety of medicinal effects of these plants: Since ancient times, the Fabaceae plant family has been employed as a source of medicinal plants due to its extensive distribution. This extensive study has been done to observe the presence of phytochemicals of medicinal plants such as Clitoria ternatea and Pterocarpus santalinus using different solvents followed by anti-microbial activity against E. coli, and the presence of various important phytochemicals was marked, interestingly Pterocarpus santalinus showed a clear presence of Cardiac Glycoside when dissolved in methanol solvent, it was also observed that these plant samples have an immense capability to inhibit the microbial contamination and growth, especially when dipped and kept in an acidified water solvent. This is the first research that investigates the phytochemical properties and antibacterial activity of Clitoria ternatea and Pterocarpus santalinus. For performing the antibacterial property against E. coli, the agar well diffusion method was employed. When done against E. coli, methanol extract of Red Sandalwood produced the zone of inhibition with the largest diameter i.e., 25.5 mm, followed by acidified water extract of Aparajita of 23.0 mm and hydro alcohol extract of Aparajita about 11.5 mm. There is no zone of inhibition for methanol extract of Aparajita and hydro alcohol, acidified water extract of Red Sandalwood.

Section: Phytochemical Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

To Identify the Presence of Phytochemicals in Medicinal Plants Such as Clitoria Ternatea and Pterocarpus Santalinus using Different Solvents Followed by Anti-microbial Activity Against E. Coli

et al. 2023

“…3 g of samples were immersed in each solvent and incubated at room temperature for 24 hours. The samples were then filtered into separate beakers with the help of filter paper [9].…”

Section: Preparation Of Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Profiling and Anti-microbial Activity of Ficus Religiosa Against E.Coli and S.Aureus

et al. 2023

Plants have been used for thousands of years to keep people well and enhance the quality of their lives by acting as useful components in medicines, food, beverages, cosmetics, and dyes. Ficus religiosa (Sacred fig) or Peepal tree is known to be a native Indian tree. Extract of the plant possess significant anti-diarrhoeal, anti-fungal, anti-plasmodial, anti-ulcerogenic, anti-convulsant activity, anthelmintic activity, proteolytic activity, anti-immunomodulatory activity, wound-healing activity, antioxidant activity, anti-acetylcholinesterase activity, wound healing activities and antidiabetic activity. The aqueous extract of F. religiosa dried bark shown the presence of flavonoids, tannins, phytosterols and bergapten. The stem bark of F. religiosa investigation shows phytocomponent of tannins, phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids and steroids, vitamin K, n-octacosanol, methyl oleanolate, lanosterol, β-sitosteryl-D-glucoside, stigmasterol, lupen-3-one. Four different extracts (Aqueous, Hydro-alcohol, Methanol, Acidified Water) of leaf of F. religiosa were taken for the experiment, from which it concludes that Alkaloid, Tannin, and Resin are present in all the extracts. Whereas, Flavonoid, and Cardiac glycoside are absent in all. The result of Thin Layer Chromatography shows highest Rf value of 0.90 in Hydro-alcohol extract and lowest in Methanol (Rf value of 0.55). The anti-microbial activity of Acidified water extract shows the highest zone of inhibition of 15 mm and 18 mm; however, aqueous extract gives the lowest zone of inhibition of 10 mm and 12 mm against E. coli and S. aureus, respectively. F. religiosa exhibit many pharmacological activities i.e., anticonvulsant, antidiabetic, analgesic, wound-healing, antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase, proteolytic, anti-amnesic and many more. These discovered chemicals are what give Ficus religiosa its significant biological functions. In order to find new medicines, the researcher will be instructed to find and extract the novel therapeutic compounds from different parts of Ficus religiosa.

“…Then allow the mixture to stand for 2-3 minutes. Then the formation of red or dull violet colour at the interface of the two layers is a positive result [7].…”

Section: Test For Carbohydratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Test for Cardiac Glycosides: 1.5 ml of extract was treated with glacial acetic acid and 3-5 drops of 5% aqueous ferric chloride solution. To this mixture 0.5 ml of concentrated sulphuric acid was added and observed for a reddish-brown ring at the interface [7].…”

Section: Test For Carbohydratementioning

confidence: 99%

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Extraction of Fruit & Seed from Black Grape & Fenugreek using Different Solvents for Phytochemical Screening followed by Anti-Microbial Activity Against E. Coli

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2023

The phytochemical components of many plant species are used in herbalism because they have been scientifically proven to have medicinal characteristics and approved by regulatory agencies including the European Food Safety Authority or the United States the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, as well as phenolic compounds are examples of the bioactive components found in plants that offer health advantages with a demonstrated physiological effect on people. Around worldwide, the resistance of pathogens to conventional antibiotics is expanding. Since more bacteria are becoming resistant to antibiotics due to their extensive use, current antimicrobial drugs may become ineffective in treating a number of bacterial infections. Medicinal plants have been the most prolific source of medication bio-resources in terms of phytochemicals for conventional medicines, conventional therapies, nutritional supplements, dietary additives, medicinal intermediary substances, and chemical entities for synthesized pharmaceuticals. Spices have been historically used in food as culinary ingredients and food preservatives from the beginning of time. The current study assesses the screening of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) and grapes' phytochemical and anti-microbial activities. The two specimens had been gathered, extracted using various solvents, and qualitatively checked for the existence of various phytochemical kinds. For assessing the antibacterial property against E. coli, the agar diffusion methodology was employed. When employed against E. coli, black grape produced the zone of inhibition with the largest diameter, measured 23.5 mm, while fenugreek produced the smallest, measuring 21.25 mm. The goal of the current study is to identify plants that possess different antimicrobial properties that could be used to analyze and isolate novel phytochemicals to prevent the spread of various infectious diseases, particular in light of the sudden emergence of a growing number of drug-resistant microorganisms and the requirement to create more effective antimicrobial agents.