Screening of Lignocellulose-Degrading Superior Mushroom Strains and Determination of Their CMCase and Laccase Activity

Abstract

In order to screen lignocellulose-degrading superior mushroom strains ten strains of mushrooms (Lentinus edodes939, Pholiota nameko, Lentinus edodes868, Coprinus comatus, Macrolepiota procera, Auricularia auricula, Hericium erinaceus, Grifola frondosa, Pleurotus nebrodensis, and Shiraia bambusicola) were inoculated onto carboxymethylcellulose agar-Congo red plates to evaluate their ability to produce carbomethyl cellulase (CMCase). The results showed that the ratio of transparent circle to mycelium circle of Hericium erinaceus was 8.16 (P < 0.01) higher than other strains. The filter paper culture screening test showed that Hericium erinaceus and Macrolepiota procera grew well and showed extreme decomposition of the filter paper. When cultivated in guaiacol culture medium to detect their abilities to secrete laccase, Hericium erinaceus showed the highest ability with the largest reddish brown circles of 4.330 cm. CMCase activity determination indicated that Coprinus comatus and Hericium erinaceus had the ability to produce CMCase with 33.92 U/L on the 9th day and 22.58 U/L on the 10th day, respectively, while Coprinus comatus and Pleurotus nebrodensis had the ability to produce laccase with 496.67 U/L and 489.17 U/L on the 16th day and 18th day. Based on the results, Coprinus comatus might be the most promising lignocellulose-degrading strain to produce both CMCase and laccase at high levels.

Mushroom Polysaccharides: Chemistry and Antiobesity, Antidiabetes, Anticancer, and Antibiotic Properties in Cells, Rodents, and Humans

“…Related studies by several investigators include the following multifaceted observations: (a) During growth and maturation of the fruiting bodies, total polysaccharide levels increased and protein content decreased [ 24 ]; (b) Polysaccharides collected from fruiting bodies of different regions of China had similar molecular weights, monosaccharide compositions, and glycosidic linkages [ 23 ]; (c) Polysaccharides from eight species exhibited strong antioxidant activity in the DPPH radical scavenging assay as well as strong inhibitory properties in the proliferation of tumor cells [ 25 ]; (d) A bismuth-polysaccharide complex inhibited the growth of Helicobacter pylori bacteria reported to contribute to the cause of human ulcers [ 26 ]; (e) H. erinaceus and other mushroom varieties are reported to be a useful source of lignocellulose-degrading (ligninolytic) carboxymethyl cellulase and laccase enzymes, suggesting that mushrooms can provide enzymes for use in the development of bioenergy [ 27 ].…”

Screening of a Novel Glycoside Hydrolase Family 51 α-L-Arabinofuranosidase from Paenibacillus polymyxa KF-1: Cloning, Expression, and Characterization

“…Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant renewable resource on earth, and lignocellulose shows potential for the production of biofuels and valuable chemicals [1]. Lignocellulose is composed of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose [2]. The efficient conversion of lignocellulose to desirable target chemicals is challenging due to the complex structure of lignocellulosic materials [3,4].…”

“…The specific activity (U/mg) was defined as the enzyme needed to release 1 µmol/min of reducing sugar/p-nitrophenol from the substrate 2. No activity detected.…”

“…Protein function was predicted by NCBI Blastp;2 Signal peptide was predicted by SignalP 4.1 server[15];3 Non-classical signal was predicted by SecretomeP 2.0 server[16];4 Moleclar weight and pI were predicted by ExPAXy-Compute pI/Mw tool[17];5 Protein group score was reported by MaxQuant MS/MS Ion Search[18];6 Identification of proteins is considered acceptable if at least one unique peptide was identified[19].…”

“…The amounts of saccharides were determined by HPAEC 2. Degree of synergy = the amounts of saccharides released from simultaneous or sequential enzyme combinations/the sum of saccharide released by the individual enzymes 3.…”