Screening of phenylalanine ammonia lyase in plant tissues, and retention of activity during dehydration

Goldson, Andrea; Lam, Melanie; Scaman, Christine H.; Clemens, Sabine; Kermode, Allison R.

doi:10.1002/jsfa.3126

Cited by 39 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…PAL activity was measured according to the methods of Goldson et al . () and Solecka & Kacperska () with minor modifications. Briefly, 2 ml 100 m m borate buffer (pH 8.8) and 1 ml 20 m m 1‐phenylalanine were added to 0.2 ml supernatant.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double benefits of mechanical wounding in enhancing chilling tolerance and lodging resistance in wheat plants

Wang

Huang

et al. 2019

Plant Biol J

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Chilling and lodging are major threats to wheat production. However, strategies that can be used to effectively mitigate the adverse effects of these threats are still far from clear. Mechanical wounding is a traditional agronomic measure, whereas information about the role it plays in wheat chilling and lodging is scant.• The aim of the present study was to investigate mechanisms underlying the protective roles of mechanical wounding in alleviating damage from chilling at jointing stage and enhancing lodging resistance after anthesis of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).• Our data show that net photosynthesis rate, maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, activity of the antioxidant enzymes and osmolytes were significantly increased in the latest fully expanded leaves of wounded plants under chilling. Wounding also reduced hydrogen peroxide accumulation, electrolyte leakage and water loss in wounded plants. Moreover, mechanical wounding significantly reduced the length but increased the diameter and wall thickness of the basal second internode of the main stem. Quantitative and histochemical analysis further indicated that wounding increased lignin accumulation and activity of enzymes involved in lignin synthesis, which resulted in increased mechanical strength and the lodging resistance index in the main stem.• We conclude from our data that mechanical wounding confers both cold tolerance by alleviating the damage caused by chilling at jointing stage and lodging resistance after anthesis of wheat plants.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double benefits of mechanical wounding in enhancing chilling tolerance and lodging resistance in wheat plants

Wang

Huang

et al. 2019

Plant Biol J

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“…PAL assay was carried out as given by Goldson and coworkers 28 by using L-phenylalanine as a substrate. The total ISSN: 2250-1177…”

Section: Phenyl Alanine Aminolyase (Pal) (Pal: Ec 11031) Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-cuprous oxide enhances seed germination and seedling growth in Lycopersicum esculentum plants

Ananda¹,

Shobha²,

Ks³

et al. 2019

J. Drug Delivery Ther.

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This study was carried out to determine the influence of cuprous oxide nanoparticles (Cu2O NPs) biosynthesised from leaf extracts of Flacourtia montana on the tomato Lycioersicum esculentum seed germination, seedling growth and vigour index. Here we examined the promotory and phytotoxic effect of Cu2O NPs (0-160ppm) on tomato seeds resulted in dosage dependent response. The highest germination percentage (95%) was observed at 20ppm Cu2O NPs, however, above 20ppm Cu2O NPs, there is a reduction in the seed germination. The tomato seedlings showed increased root and shoot elongation up to 20ppm Cu2O NPs concentration, further increase in NPs concentration caused the negative effect on plants growth and development. The leaf pigments showed increasing trend in tomato plants after treatment with Cu2O NPs up to 20ppm as compared to control. Phytotoxicity of Cu2O NPs in tomato seedlings demonstrated by lower contents of chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid pigments. The study of effect on antioxidant enzymes showed increases in activity with increase in Cu2O NPs concentration for two enzymes, Super oxide dismutase (SOD) and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX) out of five enzymes treated. High antioxidant activity of enzymes is followed by the increased lipid peroxidation and decrease in free radical scavenging activity by the DPPH. The activity of Catalase, Pheny Alanine Aminolyase and Poly Phenol Oxidase enzymes were found to increase up to 20ppm as compared to control and above this, all three enzymes showed decrease in activity. Uptake of Cu2O NPs nanoparticle by tomato seedlings was confirmed by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Key words: Nano-Cuprous Oxide, Flacourtia montana, Tomato, antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation

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“…The mixture was centrifuged at 21 180×g for 20 min and the clear supernatant was desalted in aliquots using an Amicon Ultra-15 Centrifugal Filter Units with a membrane nominal mass limit of 50 kDa (Merck Millipore, Tullagreen Carrigtwohill, Ireland) and assayed for PAL activity under standard conditions. The aliquots were stored at -20 °C until use (16).…”

Section: Extraction Of Pal Enzymementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reaction was carried out at 37 °C for 30 min and terminated by the addition of 50 μL of 4 M HCl. PAL activity was expressed in U/mL and PAL specifi c activity was expressed in U/mg (16).…”

Section: Pal Activity Assay and Biochemical Property Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Evaluation of Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase (PAL) from Endemic Cyathobasis fruticulosa (Bunge) Aellen. for the Dietary Treatment of Phenylketonuria (PKU)

Şirin¹,

Aydaş²,

Aslım³

2016

Food Technol. Biotechnol.

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SummaryEnzyme substitution therapy with the phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) is a new approach to the treatment of patients with phenylketonuria (PKU). This enzyme is responsible for the conversion of phenylalanine to trans-cinnamic acid. We assessed the PAL enzyme of the endemic plant Cyathobasis fruticulosa (Bunge) Aellen. for its possible role in the dietary treatment of PKU. The enzyme was found to have a high activity of (64.9±0.1) U/ mg, with the optimum pH, temperature and buff er (Tris-HCl and l-phenylalanine) concentration levels of pH=8.8, 37 °C and 100 mM, respectively. Optimum enzyme activity was achieved at pH=4.0 and 7.5, corresponding to pH levels of gastric and intestinal juice, and NaCl concentration of 200 mM. The purifi cation of the enzyme by 1.87-fold yielded an activity of 98.6 U/mg. PAL activities determined by HPLC analyses before and aft er purification were similar. Two protein bands, one at 70 and the other at 23 kDa, were determined by Western blot analysis of the enzyme. This enzyme is a potential candidate for serial production of dietary food and biotechnological products.

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Screening of phenylalanine ammonia lyase in plant tissues, and retention of activity during dehydration

Cited by 39 publications

References 42 publications

Double benefits of mechanical wounding in enhancing chilling tolerance and lodging resistance in wheat plants

Double benefits of mechanical wounding in enhancing chilling tolerance and lodging resistance in wheat plants

Nano-cuprous oxide enhances seed germination and seedling growth in Lycopersicum esculentum plants

Biochemical Evaluation of Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase (PAL) from Endemic Cyathobasis fruticulosa (Bunge) Aellen. for the Dietary Treatment of Phenylketonuria (PKU)

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