Screening of selected Indian medicinal plants for acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity

Vinutha, B.; D’Souza, Paschal; Salma, K.; Sreeja, S.L.; Pratiti, D.; Padmaja, R.; Radhika, S.; Agarwal, Amit; Venkateshwarlu, K.; Mundkinajeddu, Deepak

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2006.06.014

Cited by 308 publications

(193 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Neostigmine resulted in two IC 50 values, 50 Ϯ 25 M and 38 Ϯ 10 nM, based on two-site competition fitting. These numbers generally agreed well with previously reported values (eserine 72-109 nM [34], malathion 370 M [35], edrophonium 5.4 M [36], and neostigmine 11.3 nM [37]; however, direct comparison of these numbers might not be appropriate because the experimental conditions were not identical (e.g., use of surrogate substrates and different AchE in other assays).…”

Section: Ache Inhibitor Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 90%

Rapid and label-free screening of enzyme inhibitors using segmented flow electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Pei

Kennedy

2010

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is an attractive analytical tool for high-throughput screening because of its rapid scan time and ability to detect compounds without need for labels. Impediments to the use of ESI-MS for screening have been the relatively large sample consumed and slow sample introduction rates associated with commonly used flow injection analysis. We have previously shown that by segmenting nanoliter plugs of sample with air, an array of discrete samples can be delivered to a platinum-coated emitter tip for ESI-MS analysis with throughput as high as 0.8 Hz and carry-over between samples less than 0.1%. This method was applied to screening for inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase as a demonstration of the potential of segmented flow ESI-MS for such applications. Each enzyme assay consumed 10 nL of sample. At 1 L/min infusion rate, 102 samples were analyzed, corresponding to a 0.65 Hz sample analysis rate. Linear quantification of choline was achieved from 200 M to 10 mM using this method and Z= values were over 0.8 for the assay. Detailed pharmacologic dose-response curves of selected inhibitors were also measured in high-throughput fashion to validate the method. (J Am Soc

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Section: Ache Inhibitor Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 90%

Rapid and label-free screening of enzyme inhibitors using segmented flow electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Pei

Kennedy

2010

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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“…Methanolic fruit extract is used to treat dementia and increase memory (Vinutha et al 2007). Aqueous fruit and seed extract reduces blood glucose level (Kamalakkannan & Prince 2004, Kesari et al 2006.…”

Section: Sweet Flag Sweet Sage (E)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Indigenous Use and Ethnopharmacology of Medicinal Plants in Far-West Nepal

Kunwar

Uprety

Burlakoti

et al. 2009

Ethnobot. Res. App.

346

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Ethnopharmacological knowledge is common and import among tribal populations but much of the information is empirical at best lacking scientific validation. Despite widespread use of plant resources in traditional medicines, bioassay analysis of very few plant species have been conducted to investigate their medicinal properties, and to ascertain safety and efficacy of traditional remedies. The present study analyses indigenous uses of medicinal plants of far-west Nepal and compares with earlier ayurveda studies, phytochemical assessments and pharmacological actions. A field study was carried out in Baitadi and Darchula districts of far-west Nepal. Group discussions, informal meetings, questionnaire surveys and field observations were employed for primary data collection. Voucher specimens were collected with field notes and codes and deposited at Tribhuvan University Central Herbarium (TUCH), Kathmandu. Only 50% of species surveyed shared common uses with ayurvedic medicine. This implies that these herbal remedies are part of an independent health care system in the Nepal Himalaya, which is indigenous and influenced by ayurveda. The folk uses of some of the species were contradicting to those of ayurveda and phytochemical bioassays. A detailed phytochemical study on those species would be an important line of research. IntroductionMedicinal plants help in alleviating human suffering and are widely used for subsistence, home remedies, and trade (Kunwar et al. 2006). It is estimated that 70-80% of people worldwide rely on traditional herbal medicine to meet their primary health care needs (Farnsworth & Soejarto 1991). The ayurveda is an ancient traditional system of medicine with remedies for health and alleviation of illness. The acceptance of the ayurveda is gearing up and use of indigenous drugs of natural/plant origin is a maPublished: January 16, 2009 Ethnobotany Research & Applications 6www.ethnobotanyjournal.org/vol7/i1547-3465-07-005.pdf cuna pruriens (L.) DC. for Parkinson's disease, Commiphora as a hypolipidemic, Asclepias as cardiotonic, psoralens for vitiligo, curcumines for inflammation, baccoside for mental retention, picrosides for hepatoprotective, diosgenin for the synthesis of steroidal hormones, guggulsterons as hypolipidemic, piperidine as bioavailability enhancers, asarone as hallucinogenic, phyllanthins as anti-virals, withanolides and many other steroidal lactones and their glycosides as immunomodulators (Jain 1994, Patwardhan 2000. As an example, the sale of drugs derived from the plant Taxus The increasing use of traditional therapies demands more scientifically sound evidence for the principles behind therapies and for effectiveness of medicines (Patwardhan et al. 2005). The therapies are often criticized due to dearth of research, critical evaluation, in vivo studies and validations (Fong 2002, Houghton 1995 to support the safety of uses. At the same time, ethnopharmacological knowledge is percolating down these days among the tribal population. The present study, therefore aim...

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“…Inhibition of AChE activity inhibition results in accumulation of acetylcholine at the nerve synapses, such that the postsynaptic membrane is in a state of permanent stimulation, resulting in producing paralysis, ataxia, general lack of coordination in neuromuscular system and eventual death 21 . The methanolic extract of M. oleifera leaf significantly inhibited AChE activity at a concentration of 100 µg/mL 37 . Untreated pulp extract of M. charantia (IC 50 -7.2 mg/mL) similarly inhibited AChE activity 10 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

CHARACTERIZATION OF MOLLUSCICIDAL COMPONENT OF Moringa oleifera LEAF AND Momordica charantia FRUITS AND THEIR MODES OF ACTION IN SNAIL Lymnaea acuminata

Upadhyay

Singh

2013

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYThe molluscicidal activity of the leaf powder of Moringa oleifera and lyophilized fruit powder of Momordica charantia against the snail Lymnaea acuminata was time and concentration dependent. M. oleifera leaf powder (96 h LC 50 : 197.59 ppm) was more toxic than M. charantia lyophilized fruit powder (96 h LC 50 : 318.29 ppm). The ethanolic extracts of M. oleifera leaf powder and Momordica charantia lyophilized fruit powder were more toxic than other organic solvent extracts. The 96 h LC 50 of the column purified fraction of M. oleifera leaf powder was 22.52 ppm, while that of M. charantia lyophilized fruit powder was 6.21 ppm. Column, thin layer and high performance liquid chromatography analysis show that the active molluscicidal components in M. oleifera leaf powder and lyophilized fruit of M. charantia are benzylamine (96 h LC 50 : 2.3 ppm) and momordicine (96 h LC 50 : 1.2 ppm), respectively. Benzylamine and momordicine significantly inhibited, in vivo and in vitro, the acetylcholinesterase (AChE), acid and alkaline phosphatase (ACP/ALP) activities in the nervous tissues of L. acuminata. Inhibition of AChE, ACP and ALP activity in the nervous tissues of L. acuminata by benzylamine and momordicine may be responsible for the molluscicidal activity of M. oleifera and M. charantia fruits, respectively.

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Screening of selected Indian medicinal plants for acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity

Cited by 308 publications

References 9 publications

Rapid and label-free screening of enzyme inhibitors using segmented flow electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Rapid and label-free screening of enzyme inhibitors using segmented flow electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Indigenous Use and Ethnopharmacology of Medicinal Plants in Far-West Nepal

CHARACTERIZATION OF MOLLUSCICIDAL COMPONENT OF Moringa oleifera LEAF AND Momordica charantia FRUITS AND THEIR MODES OF ACTION IN SNAIL Lymnaea acuminata

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