Screening Study for Formulation Variables in Preparation and Characterization of Candesartan Cilexetil Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers

Abstract

The current study inspects the screening of the formulation components further, evaluates the physicochemical properties of the nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for the antihypertensive drug as Candesartan Cilexetil (CC). The sequence screening of all excipients required for the preparation of NLCs should be performed. Firstly, the solubility of CC in different solid and liquid lipids is the major parameter for the selection of the best one. Precirol® ATO 5, Compritol ® 888 ATO and Glyceryl Monostearate (GMS) were showed the maximum solubility of the CC (1000±4.12 mg, 1500±4.15 mg and 1750±3.16 mg), respectively. Hence, they were selected as the solid lipids for the development of NLCs. Liquid lipids Transcutol® HP (30±2.21 mg/ml), Labrasol® ALF (25±1.32 mg/ml) and CapryolTM 90 (18±1.34 mg/ml) were observed to have good affinity for the drug on systematic screening of different liquid lipids. However, Precirol® ATO 5 was found to has good physical compatibility with Transcutol® HP, Compritol ATO 888 was found to has high physical miscibility with Labrasol® ALF and last GMS was appeared in good affinity and compatibly with CapryolTM 90. Hence, the following binary lipid mixtures (Precirol® ATO 5 - Labrasol® ALF), (Compritol® 888 ATO-Transcutol® HP) and (GMS - CapryolTM 90) were selected for the preparation of NLCs. The liquid–solid lipid mixture in the ratio up to 30:70 was observed to have sufficient melting point (55-59 0C). Lutrol F-68, Lutrol F-127, Cremophore EL and Cremophore® RH. In addition to, the combination of (Lutrol® F68:Cremophore® EL) and (Lutrol® F127: Cremophore® RH) were selected as the main surfactants for the preparation of NLCs formulations because of its good emulsification efficacy and homogeneity for the solid-liquid lipid mix. The prepared formulations were investigated for the different quality issues. All designed formulations observed in nanometer size of particles ranged from (408.9±11.5 to 114.6±8.3 nm) with high encapsulation efficiency around 99%. Also, the obtained results revealed that the ZP of the various formulations was consistently negative surface charge in between ((-13 ±2.3 to27.3±3.7 mV). Finally, formula number nine of CC (CC-NLC9) which composed of GMS (solid lipid), CapryolTM 90 (liquid lipid) and Lutrol® F127: Cremophore® RH (surfactants combination) was selected as the best formulation after the rank order for further investigations in the next work. 
 Peer Review History: 
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 Received file 
 
 Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.0/10
 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.5/10
 Reviewer(s) detail:
 Name: Dr. Mohammed Abdel-Wahab Sayed Abourehab
 Affiliation: Umm Al-Qura University; Makkah Al-Mukarramah, Saudi Arabia
 E-mail: maabourehab@uqu.edu.sa
 
 Name: Dr. Maha Khalifa Ahmed Khalifa 
 Affiliation: Al-Azhar Universit - Cairo, Egypt
 E-mail: mahakhalifa.ahmed@hotmail.com
 
 Name: Dr. Evren Alğin Yapar
 Affiliation: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency, Turkiye
 E-mail: evren.yapar@yahoo.com
 Comments of reviewer(s): 
 
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