“…The papers emphasize on the use of several strategies including program development, integrating problem-based learning, teaching strategies that helped them understand teamwork competencies and improve team-based learning [41], [43]- [49]. For example, Garcia et al [41] introduced a model-based system engineering framework that helps build technical leader competencies and improve learning outcomes and team function in a multidisciplinary team project. Several papers highlight the integration of Problem-based learning (PBL) into a systems engineering course [45], [46], [48].…”