‘Seamless’ Endothelia within Fenestrated Capillaries of Duodenal Villi (Rat)

Wolff, J. R.; Moritz, Alan R.; Güldner, F.-H.

doi:10.1159/000157910

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Cytoplasmic perforations, (autolytic vacuoles) suggestive of intra-cndothclial canaliza-tion are at times noted in the spindle cell component of nodular lesions. These cytoplasmic autolytic vacuoles recapture the assumed pattern of "seamless endothelia" demonstrated in cross-sectional profiles of developing normal vascular capillaries (35)(36).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Expression of endothelial cell markers PAL‐E and EN‐4 and la‐antigens in Kaposi's sarcoma

Nadimi

Saatee

Armin

et al. 1988

J Oral Pathology Medicine

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Eleven biopsy specimens of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) removed from the skin and oral mucosa were examined immunohistochemically with monoclonal antibodies PAL‐E and EN‐4, specific for human vascular endothelial cells, and with LN‐3 monoclonal antibody reactive with immune‐associated (la) antigens in the HLA‐DR locus. The early lesions of KS, corresponding to the patch phase, contained hyperplastic venules and an increased number of lymphatic capillaries. The lymphatic capillary endothelium was reactive with EN‐4, whereas, PAL‐E reacted only with blood vessel endothelial cells. The spindle cells, like lymphatic endothelial cells, were non‐reactive with PAL‐E but showed positive reaction with EN‐4 antibodies. The observed morphologic pattern of vasculogenesis and the demonstrated immune‐reactivity in KS support an origin from the venul‐lymphatic junction. This is an aberrant pattern but reminiscent of normal embryonal lymphatic channel development. The lymphatic capillaries and vascular slits were nonreactive with LN‐3 antibody, but it was positive on cell membranes in a number of spindle cells, suggesting the focal expression of la‐anitgens.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Expression of endothelial cell markers PAL‐E and EN‐4 and la‐antigens in Kaposi's sarcoma

Nadimi

Saatee

Armin

et al. 1988

J Oral Pathology Medicine

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“…Cell hollowing involves a lumen forming within the cytoplasm of a single cell that spans the length of the entire cell and opens to the external environment at both ends. In the vertebrate microvascular system, capillaries are formed through cell hollowing of individual cells or chains of cells to create an intracellular lumen [24], while EPs composing secondary branches of the Drosophila tracheal system form unicellular tubes possibly through cell hollowing as well [25]. These secondary branch EPs also extend long cytoplasmic projections in which a narrow lumen forms and creates a seamless connection with the intracellular lumen of the secondary branch.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tubular Bridges for Bronchial Epithelial Cell Migration and Communication

2010

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BackgroundBiological processes from embryogenesis to tumorigenesis rely on the coordinated coalescence of cells and synchronized cell-to-cell communication. Intercellular signaling enables cell masses to communicate through endocrine pathways at a distance or by direct contact over shorter dimensions. Cellular bridges, the longest direct connections between cells, facilitate transfer of cellular signals and components over hundreds of microns in vitro and in vivo.Methodology/Principal FindingsUsing various cellular imaging techniques on human tissue cultures, we identified two types of tubular, bronchial epithelial (EP) connections, up to a millimeter in length, designated EP bridges. Structurally distinct from other cellular connections, the first type of EP bridge may mediate transport of cellular material between cells, while the second type of EP bridge is functionally distinct from all other cellular connections by mediating migration of epithelial cells between EP masses. Morphological and biochemical interactions with other cell types differentially regulated the nuclear factor-κB and cyclooxygenase inflammatory pathways, resulting in increased levels of inflammatory molecules that impeded EP bridge formation. Pharmacologic inhibition of these inflammatory pathways caused increased morphological and mobility changes stimulating the biogenesis of EP bridges, in part through the upregulation of reactive oxygen species pathways.Conclusions/SignificanceEP bridge formation appears to be a normal response of EP physiology in vitro, which is differentially inhibited by inflammatory cellular pathways depending upon the morphological and biochemical interactions between EP cells and other cell types. These tubular EP conduits may represent an ultra long-range form of direct intercellular communication and a completely new mechanism of tissue-mediated cell migration.

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“…Possible mechanisms include tube morphogenesis, 25 as occurs in capillaries in vertebrates-a process termed cell hollowing-where an intracellular lumen forms within the cell cytoplasm and opens to the external environment. 26 Similarly, tube morphogenesis observed in Drosophila heart 27 and Madin-Darby canine kidney cultured cells 28 can occur via cord hollowing where de novo lumen formation between cells is conducted by the assemblage of multiple cells into a thin cylindrical cord. Determining if specialized organelles, called vacuolar apical compartments that aid in the above processes of tube morphogenesis, 25,29 are involved in bridge formation will be of interest in understanding whether type II EP bridge lumens form via tube morphogenesis or unknown processes.…”

Section: Structure and Function: Ep Bridges Versus Tntsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular bridges

Zani

Edelman

2010

Communicative & Integrative Biology

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Cell-to-cell communication is the basis of all biology in multicellular organisms, allowing evolution of complex forms and viability in dynamic environments. Though biochemical interactions occur over distances, physical continuity remains the most direct means of cellular interactions. Cellular bridging through thin cytoplasmic channels-plasmodesmata in plants and tunneling nanotubes in animals-creates direct routes for transfer of signals and components, even pathogens, between cells. Recently, two new cellular connections, designated epithelial (EP) bridges, were discovered and found to be structurally distinct from other cellular channels. The first EP bridge type facilitates material transport between cells similar to plasmodesmata and tunneling nanotubes, the second EP bridge type mediates migration of cells between EP cell masses representing a novel form of cell migration. Here, we compare the structures and functions of EP bridges with other cellular channels and discuss biochemical and cellular interactions involved in EP bridge formation. Potential roles for EP bridges in health and disease are also presented.

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‘Seamless’ Endothelia within Fenestrated Capillaries of Duodenal Villi (Rat)

Cited by 9 publications

References 2 publications

Expression of endothelial cell markers PAL‐E and EN‐4 and la‐antigens in Kaposi's sarcoma

Expression of endothelial cell markers PAL‐E and EN‐4 and la‐antigens in Kaposi's sarcoma

Tubular Bridges for Bronchial Epithelial Cell Migration and Communication

Cellular bridges

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