Search for Circumstellar Disks and Radio Jets in the Massive Star-Formation Region Iras 23033+5951

Rodríguez, T.; Trinidad, M. A.; Migenes, V.

doi:10.1088/0004-637x/755/2/100

Cited by 8 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The best-fit disk model has a radius of 0.03 , corresponding to 135 au, and a position angle of 65 • ± 1 • which is in agreement with the inferred velocity gradient in the outer rotating structure. We note, that the position of this maser group (Rodríguez et al 2012) deviates slightly from the MMS1b mm emission peak. However, this deviation of only half the beam width is below the resolution of our data.…”

Section: Disentanglement Of Molecular Outflows and Characterization Omentioning

confidence: 61%

“…However, due to the deprojection, most parts of both images are now located at radial distances beyond 4000 au, making it unlikely that they are still part of a disk-like structure. We furthermore note that the outflow and the disk models for MMS1b of Rodríguez et al (2012) suggest the corresponding candidate disk to be highly inclined with i 80 • and therefore make it likely that the candidate disk in this core is stable against such a fragmentation at the spatial resolution of our observations. Still, we note that the presented Toomre analysis is highly uncertain, especially towards nearly edge-on (i > 80 • ) disk scenarios due to the deprojection terms (see Eq.…”

Section: Stability Of Keplerian Disksmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…9 and the molecular outflow structure from Sect. 3.4 along with the continuum emission at 3.6 cm (Beuther et al 2002c;Rodríguez et al 2012) and the maser analysis by Rodríguez et al (2012) for the following cores:…”

Section: Disentanglement Of Molecular Outflows and Characterization Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). Emission in the cm regime was detected only towards a small region in MMS1 (Sridharan et al 2002;Rodríguez et al 2012), coincident with MMS1a, where Rodríguez et al report the fragmentation of the 3.6 cm source into three regions, labeled VLA1-3. They discuss this finding as either condensations of an ionized jet or ultra-compact (UC) H ii regions from different ionization sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It therefore suggests that the cm emission traces a high-mass YSO wind or jet. Rodríguez et al (2012) analyze the positions and velocities of water maser emission towards MMS1b and infer disk rotation. Modeling the data with an inclined disk model, they obtain a radius of 0.03 (135 au) and a position angle of 65 • ± 1 • .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fragmentation, rotation, and outflows in the high-mass star-forming region IRAS 23033+5951

Bosco

Beuther

Ahmadi

et al. 2019

A&A

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Context. The formation process of high-mass stars (> 8 M ) is poorly constrained, particularly, the effects of clump fragmentation creating multiple systems and the mechanism of mass accretion onto the cores. Aims. We study the fragmentation of dense gas clumps, and trace the circumstellar rotation and outflows by analyzing observations of the highmass (∼ 500 M ) star-forming region IRAS 23033+5951. Methods. Using the Northern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA) in three configurations and the IRAM 30-m single-dish telescope at 220 GHz, we probe the gas and dust emission at an angular resolution of ∼0.45 , corresponding to 1900 au. Results. In the mm continuum emission, we identify a protostellar cluster with at least four mm-sources, where three of them show a significantly higher peak intensity well above a signal-to-noise ratio of 100. Hierarchical fragmentation from large to small spatial scales is discussed. Two fragments are embedded in rotating structures and drive molecular outflows, traced by 13 CO (2-1) emission. The velocity profiles across two of the cores are similar to Keplerian but are missing the highest velocity components close to the center of rotation, which is a common phenomena from observations like these, and other rotation scenarios are not excluded entirely. Position-velocity diagrams suggest protostellar masses of ∼ 6 and 19 M . Rotational temperatures from fitting CH 3 CN (12 K − 11 K ) spectra are used for estimating the gas temperature and by that the disk stability against gravitational fragmentation, utilizing Toomre's Q parameter. Assuming that the candidate disk is in Keplerian rotation about the central stellar object and considering different disk inclination angles, we identify only one candidate disk to be unstable against gravitational instability caused by axisymmetric perturbations. Conclusions. The dominant sources cover different evolutionary stages within the same maternal gas clump. The appearance of rotation and outflows of the cores are similar to those found in low-mass star-forming regions.

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Section: Disentanglement Of Molecular Outflows and Characterization Omentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Stability Of Keplerian Disksmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Disentanglement Of Molecular Outflows and Characterization Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Fragmentation, rotation, and outflows in the high-mass star-forming region IRAS 23033+5951

Bosco

Beuther

Ahmadi

et al. 2019

A&A

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Accretion Disks in the Iras 23151+5912 Region

Rodríguez-Esnard

Migenes

Trinidad

2014

ApJ

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A Galactic survey of radio jets from massive protostars

Purser

Lumsden

Hoare

et al. 2021

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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In conjunction with a previous southern-hemisphere work, we present the largest radio survey of jets from massive protostars to date with high-resolution, ($\sim 0{_{.}^{\prime\prime}}04$) Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) observations towards two subsamples of massive star-forming regions of different evolutionary statuses: 48 infrared-bright, massive, young, stellar objects (MYSOs) and 8 infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) containing 16 luminous (${\, L_{\rm {bol}}}>10^3{{\rm \, L_{\odot }}}$) cores. For $94{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of the MYSO sample we detect thermal radio (α ≥ −0.1 whereby Sν∝να) sources coincident with the protostar, of which $84{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ (13 jets and 25 candidates) are jet-like. Radio luminosity is found to scale with ${\, L_{\rm {bol}}}$ similarly to the low-mass case supporting a common mechanism for jet production across all masses. Associated radio lobes tracing shocks are seen towards $52{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of jet-like objects and are preferentially detected towards jets of higher radio and bolometric luminosities, resulting from our sensitivity limitations. We find jet mass loss rate scales with bolometric luminosity as ${\dot{m}_{\rm jet}}\propto {\, L_{\rm {bol}}}^{0.9\pm 0.2}$, thereby discarding radiative, line-driving mechanisms as the dominant jet-launching process. Calculated momenta show that the majority of jets are mechanically capable of driving the massive, molecular outflow phenomena since pjet > poutflow. Finally, from their physical extent we show that the radio emission can not originate from small, optically-thick Hii regions. Towards the IRDC cores, we observe increasing incidence rates/radio fluxes with age using the proxy of increasing luminosity-to-mass (L/M) and decreasing infrared flux ratios (S70 μm/S24 μm). Cores with $L/M\, <\, 40\, L_\odot \, M_\odot ^{-1}$ are not detected above (5.8 GHz) radio luminosities of ∼1 mJy kpc2.

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Search for Circumstellar Disks and Radio Jets in the Massive Star-Formation Region Iras 23033+5951

Cited by 8 publications

References 36 publications

Fragmentation, rotation, and outflows in the high-mass star-forming region IRAS 23033+5951

Fragmentation, rotation, and outflows in the high-mass star-forming region IRAS 23033+5951

Accretion Disks in the Iras 23151+5912 Region

A Galactic survey of radio jets from massive protostars

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