“…However, these studies could not find any association between C. pneumoniae and atherosclerosis. Moreover, the studies of Tremolada et al (2011) , Bishara et al (2003) , Satpathy et al ( Satpathy, Bhan, Sharma, & Kar, 2008 ), Sodeck et al (2004) , West et al (2009) , Campbell et al ( Campell & Kuo, 2004 ), Apfalter et al (2004) , Watt et al ( Watt, Aesch, Lanotte, Tranquart, & Quentin, 2003 ) and Bossone et al (2008) did not isolate C. pneumoniae DNA from atherosclerotic specimens by PCR. Furthermore, findings of the same studies in Iran with the association between C. pneumoniae infection and atherosclerosis are contrasting, where some studies revealed an association between C. pneumoniae infection and atherosclerosis ( Rostami et al, 2013 ; Bahrmand et al, 2004 ; Dabiri et al, 2009 ) while, others could not ( Sadeghian et al, 2013 ; Zibaeenezhad et al, 2005 ; Pooria et al, 2009 ; Hosseinian, Habibzadeh, Ahari, & Mokhtarpoor, 2007 ).…”