Searching for gene flow from cultivated to wild strawberries in Central Europe

Schulze, Juerg; Stoll, Peter; Widmer, Alex; Erhardt, Andreas

doi:10.1093/aob/mcr018

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Morrell et al 2005 on introgression of sorghum into Johnson grass) or more widely different species combinations (e.g. Schulze et al 2011 on garden strawberry Fragaria x ananassa and wild woodland strawberry F. vesca in Central Europe). Smulders et al (2008), Rathmacher et al (2010) and others successfully used species-specific alleles to detect gene flow and identify F1 hybrids between poplar species and hybrids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Bayesian analysis of gene flow from crops to their wild relatives: cultivated (Lactuca sativa L.) and prickly lettuce (L. serriola L.) and the recent expansion of L. serriola in Europe

Uwimana¹,

D’Andrea

Felber

et al. 2012

Molecular Ecology

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Interspecific gene flow can lead to the formation of hybrid populations that have a competitive advantage over the parental populations, even for hybrids from a cross between crops and wild relatives. Wild prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola) has recently expanded in Europe and hybridization with the related crop species (cultivated lettuce, L. sativa) has been hypothesized as one of the mechanisms behind this expansion. In a basically selfing species, such as lettuce, assessing hybridization in natural populations may not be straightforward. Therefore, we analysed a uniquely large data set of plants genotyped with SSR (simple sequence repeat) markers with two programs for Bayesian population genetic analysis, STRUCTURE and NewHybrids. The data set comprised 7738 plants, including a complete genebank collection, which provided a wide coverage of cultivated germplasm and a fair coverage of wild accessions, and a set of wild populations recently sampled across Europe. STRUCTURE analysis inferred the occurrence of hybrids at a level of 7% across Europe. NewHybrids indicated these hybrids to be advanced selfed generations of a hybridization event or of one backcross after such an event, which is according to expectations for a basically selfing species. These advanced selfed generations could not be detected effectively with crop-specific alleles. In the northern part of Europe, where the expansion of L. serriola took place, the fewest putative hybrids were found. Therefore, we conclude that other mechanisms than crop/wild gene flow, such as an increase in disturbed habitats and/or climate warming, are more likely explanations for this expansion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Bayesian analysis of gene flow from crops to their wild relatives: cultivated (Lactuca sativa L.) and prickly lettuce (L. serriola L.) and the recent expansion of L. serriola in Europe

Uwimana¹,

D’Andrea

Felber

et al. 2012

Molecular Ecology

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“…Despite this general trend and the recognised need to use genetic markers for hybrid and introgression detection in the wild, morphological markers are an essential means to spot natural hybrid swarms and reach some under-standing of trait inheritance in early and late hybrid generations. Hybrid suspicion based on morphological traits can reduce the high costs involved in wide-scale genetic screening (Schulze et al 2011), and morphological traits also provide a strong hypothesis-generating tool (Oberprieler et al 2011). With the advent of late-generation genomic technologies and the rapid decrease in price of molecular analyses, more and more sequencing data and associated molecular markers will become available for non-model species.…”

Section: Genetic Versus Morphological Markers For Hybrid Confirmationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological markers for the detection of introgression from cultivated into wild carrot (Daucus carotaL.) reveal dominant domestication traits

et al. 2012

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Hybridisation and subsequent introgression have recently received much attention in the context of genetically modified crops. But crop-wild hybrid detection in the field can be difficult, as most domestication traits seem to be recessive, and the hybrid phenotype may also depend on the direction of the cross or environmental factors. Our aim was to develop a reliable set of morphological markers that differ between two wild and 13 cultivated carrots (Daucus carota L.) and to evaluate their inheritance in hybrid lines. We then examined these morphological markers in four F1 hybrids obtained by fertilising plants from the two wild accessions with pollen from two common carrot cultivars. Of the 16 traits that differed between the two carrot subspecies, three took intermediate values in the hybrids, eight resembled the cultivar parent (dominant domestication traits), two resembled the wild parent (domestication traits recessive), and three were not significant or growth condition-dependent. Root:shoot ratio was seven times higher for cultivars than for wild plants, while still attaining equivalent total dry weight, which shows that dry matter production by the shoot is much higher in cultivars than in wild plants. High root:shoot ratios were also present in the hybrids. While we found no maternal effects, the type of cultivar used for pollination had an impact on hybrid characteristics. The morphological markers developed here provide insights into the mode of inheritance of ecologically relevant traits and can be useful for pre-screening wild populations for hybrid detection prior to genetic analysis.

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Reduced clonal reproduction indicates low potential for establishment of hybrids between wild and cultivated strawberries (Fragaria vesca × F. × ananassa)

Schulze

Erhardt

Stoll

2012

Ecological Research

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The genus Fragaria (Rosaceae) contains 24 species, including hybrid species such as the garden strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.). Natural hybridization between Fragaria species has repeatedly been reported, and studies on the hybridization potential between F. × ananassa and its wild relatives have become increasingly important with the outlook for genetically modified garden strawberries. In Europe, a candidate species for hybridization with garden strawberries is the common woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca L.). Although a previous field survey indicated that the potential for hybridization between F. vesca and F. × ananassa is low, it is not clear whether the lack of natural hybrids is caused by known pre‐ and postzygotic barriers, or whether hybrid plants lack the fitness to establish in natural F. vesca populations. We grew different F. vesca and F. vesca × F. × ananassa hybrid clones with and without competition in a greenhouse and assessed biomass production, clonal reproduction, and sexual reproduction of plants. While some hybrid clones exceeded F. vesca in biomass production, general clonal reproduction was much lower and delayed in hybrids. Furthermore, hybrids were sterile. These results demonstrate a mechanism by which the general lack of F. vesca × F. × ananassa hybrids in natural habitats can be explained, in addition to the known low hybridization potential between garden and woodland strawberries. We conclude that hybrids have a competitive disadvantage against co‐occurring F. vesca plants due to inferior and delayed clonal reproduction, and that the potential for hybrid establishment under natural conditions is low.

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Searching for gene flow from cultivated to wild strawberries in Central Europe

Abstract: Hybrid formation or hybrid establishment in natural populations in the survey area is at best a rare event.

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

A Bayesian analysis of gene flow from crops to their wild relatives: cultivated (Lactuca sativa L.) and prickly lettuce (L. serriola L.) and the recent expansion of L. serriola in Europe

A Bayesian analysis of gene flow from crops to their wild relatives: cultivated (Lactuca sativa L.) and prickly lettuce (L. serriola L.) and the recent expansion of L. serriola in Europe

Morphological markers for the detection of introgression from cultivated into wild carrot (Daucus carotaL.) reveal dominant domestication traits

Reduced clonal reproduction indicates low potential for establishment of hybrids between wild and cultivated strawberries (Fragaria vesca × F. × ananassa)

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