Seasonal Abundance, Number of Annual Generations, and Effect of an Entomopathogenic Fungus on Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae)

El-Shazly, Mohamed; Soliman, Mustafa M.; Zayed, Alia

doi:10.1603/en11109

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Previous studies have investigated the effects of environmental variables on the occurrence of leishmaniasis [19,35,36,37,38,39,40,41]. Several authors have previously used times series analyses to study infectious disease incidences [13,42,43,44,45,46,47,48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatially Correlated Time Series and Ecological Niche Analysis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Afghanistan

Adegboye

2017

IJERPH

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Leishmaniasis is the third most common vector-borne disease and a very important protozoan infection. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is one of the most common types of leishmaniasis infectious diseases with up to 1.2 million occurrences of new cases each year worldwide. A dynamic transmission multivariate time series model was applied to the data to account for overdispersion and evaluate the effects of three environmental layers as well as seasonality in the data. Furthermore, ecological niche modeling was used to study the geographically suitable conditions for cutaneous leishmaniasis using temperature, precipitation and altitude as environmental layers, together with the leishmaniasis presence data. A retrospective analysis of the cutaneous leishmaniasis spatial data in Afghanistan between 2003 and 2009 indicates a steady increase from 2003 to 2007, a small decrease in 2008, and then another increase in 2009. An upward trend and regularly repeating patterns of highs and lows were observed related to the months of the year, which suggests seasonality effect in the data. Two peaks were observed in the disease occurrence—January to March and September to December—which coincide with the cold period. Ecological niche modelling indicates that precipitation has the greatest contribution to the potential distribution of leishmaniasis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gálvez et al [39] reported that the seasonal abundance of P. perniciosus sandflies in Central Spain had two peaks in July and September, while it reported a single peak of P. ariasi in August. El-Shazly et al [40] reported peaks of P. perniciosus in July and October in Egypt.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatially Correlated Time Series and Ecological Niche Analysis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Afghanistan

Adegboye

2017

IJERPH

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“…The effect of temperature is key to the survival and lifespan of sand flies [51]. Low temperatures negatively affects their longevity [50] as well as high temperatures [51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint spatial time-series epidemiological analysis of malaria and cutaneous leishmaniasis infection

2016

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Malaria and leishmaniasis are among the two most important health problems of many developing countries especially in the Middle East and North Africa. It is common for vector-borne infectious diseases to have similar hotspots which may be attributed to the overlapping ecological distribution of the vector. Hotspot analyses were conducted to simultaneously detect the location of local hotspots and test their statistical significance. Spatial scan statistics were used to detect and test hotspots of malaria and cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Afghanistan in 2009. A multivariate negative binomial model was used to simultaneously assess the effects of environmental variables on malaria and CL. In addition to the dependency between malaria and CL disease counts, spatial and temporal information were also incorporated in the model. Results indicated that malaria and CL incidence peaked at the same periods. Two hotspots were detected for malaria and three for CL. The findings in the current study show an association between the incidence of malaria and CL in the studied areas of Afghanistan. The incidence of CL disease in a given month is linked with the incidence of malaria in the previous month. Co-existence of malaria and CL within the same geographical area was supported by this study, highlighting the presence and effects of environmental variables such as temperature and precipitation. People living in areas with malaria are at increased risk for leishmaniasis infection. Local healthcare authorities should consider the co-infection problem by recommending systematic malaria screening for all CL patients.

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“…Shoukry and Morsy (20110 in a preliminary survey in Toshka District reported Psammomyes obesus Cretzchmar, 1828 the main reservoir of ZCL and Phlebotomus papatasii (Scopoli), but did not found human cases of ZCL. El-Shazly et al (2012) found that the monthly density of the sand fly, P. papatasi was monitored during 2009 at Burg El-Arab, a rural district located close to the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. The annual generations and the efficacy of microbial control by the entomopathogenic fungus, Metrahizium anisopliae were determined in the laboratory under atmospheric conditions, simulating those of the animal shelters in the study area.…”

Section: Review and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sand-Fly Phlebotomus Papatasi ( Phlebotominae ) : A General Review with Special Reference to Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Egypt

Saleh¹,

Labib²,

Abdel-Fattah³

2015

JESP

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Leishmania are digenetic protozoa which inhabit two hosts, the sandfly where they grow as promastigotes in the gut, and the mammalian macrophage where they grow as amastigotes. Sandfly (or sand fly) is a colloquial name for any species or genus of flying, biting, bloodsucking Dipteran encountered in sandy areas. In the United States, sandfly may refer to certain horse flies that are also known as "greenheads" (family Tabanidae), or to members of the family Ceratopogonidae, also known in Florida and elsewhere as a sand gnat, sandflea, no-see-um (no-see-em, noseeum), granny nipper, chitra, punkie, or punky. Outside the United States, sandfly may refer to members of the subfamily Phlebotominae within the Psychodidae. Biting midges (Ceratopogonidae) are sometimes called sand flies or no-see-ums (no-see-em, noseeum). New Zealand sandflies are in the Austrosimulium genus, a type of black fly. Of 500 known phlebotomine species, only some 30 of them have been positively identified as vectors of the disease. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) is a protozoan disease well documented not only in Egypt, but in nearly all the East Mediterranean Countries. It is prevalent in the Egyptian Sinai Peninsula with at least three identified foci.

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Seasonal Abundance, Number of Annual Generations, and Effect of an Entomopathogenic Fungus on Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae)

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

Spatially Correlated Time Series and Ecological Niche Analysis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Afghanistan

Spatially Correlated Time Series and Ecological Niche Analysis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Afghanistan

Joint spatial time-series epidemiological analysis of malaria and cutaneous leishmaniasis infection

Sand-Fly Phlebotomus Papatasi ( Phlebotominae ) : A General Review with Special Reference to Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Egypt

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