Seasonal ambient particulate matter and population health outcomes among communities impacted by road dust in British Columbia, Canada

Hong, Kris Y.; King, Gavin; Saraswat, Arvind; Henderson, Sarah B.

doi:10.1080/10962247.2017.1315348

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Road dust has been linked to a number of detrimental health outcomes: repeated exposure of mice to roadside PM has been shown to lead to pulmonary oxidative damage and systemic inflammation, 42 and springtime road dust emissions have been shown to be associated with an increase in daily mortality. 3,43 Our results provide missing, complementary information regarding the potential role of photochemistry in influencing the environmental lifetime of toxic pollutants associated with road dust, including PAHs and other contaminants that react via 1 O 2 -mediated pathways. 44 As vehicle exhaust emission regulations tighten in coming years, the relative contribution of road dust and other nonexhaust emissions (e.g., brake dust and tire tread particulate) to urban PM loadings will increase: 45,46 according to one prediction, non-exhaust PM will represent 80−90% of all PM emissions from road transport by the end of this decade.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In both Canada and the United States, dust from paved and unpaved roads is the largest anthropogenic source of primary fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ). 1,2 As a result of accumulation of sand and other winter traction materials applied to roadways, the level of dust emission from paved roads often peaks in the spring; 3,4 however, road dust has also been shown to contribute to PM 10 and PM 2.5 loadings throughout the year in a wide variety of urban locations. 5−8 Unlike desert dust, which is primarily composed of crustal material, 9 road dust is a complex mixture that also includes particles from road surface, brake, and tire wear; traction materials; semivolatile components of vehicle exhaust; and vegetative detritus, including soil and humic materials.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In both Canada and the United States, dust from paved and unpaved roads is the largest anthropogenic source of primary fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ). , As a result of accumulation of sand and other winter traction materials applied to roadways, the level of dust emission from paved roads often peaks in the spring; , however, road dust has also been shown to contribute to PM 10 and PM 2.5 loadings throughout the year in a wide variety of urban locations. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Photochemical Production of Singlet Oxygen by Urban Road Dust

Cote

Schneider

Lyu

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Road dust resuspension is a major source of particulate matter in many urban centers, especially those in which traction materials are applied to roadways in winter. Although many studies have investigated the composition and toxicity of road dust, nothing is currently known regarding its photochemical reactivity. Here, we show for the first time that road dust is photochemically active: in particular, we use a molecular probe technique to show that the illumination of aqueous road dust suspensions leads to the production of singlet oxygen (1O2), an important environmental oxidant. In experiments conducted using size-fractionated road dust, we found that the surface area-normalized steady-state 1O2 concentration ([1O2]ss) increased with decreasing particle size. We also observed correlations between [1O2]ss and the dissolved organic carbon content and ultraviolet absorbance properties of dust extracts, which suggests the involvement of chromophoric water-soluble organic carbon in the observed photochemistry. Interestingly, [1O2]ss in aqueous road dust extracts was lower than in the corresponding particle-containing samples, which implies that the particle surface itself also participated in 1O2 production. This work provides evidence that road dust photochemistry may influence the lifetime of urban pollutants that react via 1O2-mediated pathways.

show abstract

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Photochemical Production of Singlet Oxygen by Urban Road Dust

Cote

Schneider

Lyu

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Using the above exposure assessment methods, evidence for an association between exposure to wildfire smoke and all-age mortality is mixed. Four of five studies reported small increases in wildfire smoke associated mortality among all ages, however, all confidence intervals included the null [18][19][20][21]. The fifth study reported positive odds ratios (ORs) on lag days 0, 2, 3, and 4, but not on lag day 1 [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Mortality associated with wildfire smoke exposure in Washington state, 2006–2017: a case-crossover study

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Wildfire events are increasing in prevalence in the western United States. Research has found mixed results on the degree to which exposure to wildfire smoke is associated with an increased risk of mortality. Methods: We tested for an association between exposure to wildfire smoke and non-traumatic mortality in Washington State, USA. We characterized wildfire smoke days as binary for grid cells based on daily average PM 2.5 concentrations, from June 1 through September 30, 2006-2017. Wildfire smoke days were defined as all days with assigned monitor concentration above a PM 2.5 value of 20.4 μg/m 3 , with an additional set of criteria applied to days between 9 and 20.4 μg/m 3. We employed a case-crossover study design using conditional logistic regression and time-stratified referent sampling, controlling for humidex. Results: The odds of all-ages non-traumatic mortality with same-day exposure was 1.0% (95% CI: − 1.0-4.0%) greater on wildfire smoke days compared to non-wildfire smoke days, and the previous day's exposure was associated with a 2.0% (95% CI: 0.0-5.0%) increase. When stratified by cause of mortality, odds of same-day respiratory mortality increased by 9.0% (95% CI: 0.0-18.0%), while the odds of same-day COPD mortality increased by 14.0% (95% CI: 2.0-26.0%). In subgroup analyses, we observed a 35.0% (95% CI: 9.0-67.0%) increase in the odds of same-day respiratory mortality for adults ages 45-64. Conclusions: This study suggests increased odds of mortality in the first few days following wildfire smoke exposure. It is the first to examine this relationship in Washington State and will help inform local and state risk communication efforts and decision-making during future wildfire smoke events.

show abstract

“…The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates both PM 10 and PM 2.5 , PM with a diameter of 10 or 2.5 µm or less, respectively. The deposition of suspended PM is of concern to aquatic and vegetative health ( 6 – 8 ), as is the interception of airborne PM by the human respiratory system ( 9 ). Although PM 10 is referred to as the “coarse particulate” fraction, it can settle into the trachea or bronchi, exacerbating conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and emphysema ( 5 , 10 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Method to Assess Efficacy of Dust Suppressants for Dirt and Gravel Roads

Stallworth

Chase

Burgos

et al. 2020

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Particulate matter (PM) generated from dirt and gravel roads is a concern for both human and environmental health. To help reduce the amount of PM generated, many states allow the use of water coproduced from oil and gas wells (i.e., brines) as road dust suppressants. However, few methods exist to quantify the effectiveness of these brines and other dust suppressants. Here we designed and tested a bench-scale method to test the efficacy of dust suppressants on dirt and gravel road materials. The Standard Proctor test was modified to create discs of road aggregate that could be treated with dust suppressant, dried, and then tumbled in a mechanical drum attached to an aerosol monitor that measured PM generated within the drum. Using two types of road aggregate (DSA and 2RC) and a combination of nine simulated brines, the effects of brine total dissolved solids (TDS), and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) on dust suppression were calculated. The effects of moisture content and aggregate type were also observed. Higher TDS and lower SAR were found to be good predictors of dust-suppression effectiveness, with the degree of effectiveness partially dependent on the type of road aggregate. The test method provides a means to quickly and reproducibly compare effectiveness of dust suppressants, with other variables such as aggregate type and moisture content, to accurately estimate dust suppression. Comparisons of dust measurements collected within the laboratory and vehicle-based measurements offer the ability to relate laboratory results to conditions encountered on dirt and gravel roads.

show abstract

Seasonal ambient particulate matter and population health outcomes among communities impacted by road dust in British Columbia, Canada

Cited by 11 publications

References 52 publications

Photochemical Production of Singlet Oxygen by Urban Road Dust

Photochemical Production of Singlet Oxygen by Urban Road Dust

Mortality associated with wildfire smoke exposure in Washington state, 2006–2017: a case-crossover study

Laboratory Method to Assess Efficacy of Dust Suppressants for Dirt and Gravel Roads

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About