Seasonal and wastewater stream variation of trace organic compounds in a dairy processing plant aerobic bioreactor

Matrix effects of milk, dairy factory wastewater and soil water on the determination of disinfection by‐products and para‐cresol using solid‐phase microextraction

“…Other dairy‐related aromatic compounds detected included indole and 2‐methyl‐1H‐indole found in the wastewater samples in this study and previous research (Heaven et al . ). Both of these compounds contribute to the aroma of milk products and were best detected with DI‐SPME (Schlutt et al .…”

“…Despite being seen in abundance in previous research into dairy factory wastewater (Heaven et al . ), few acids were detected using SPME. Only two fatty acids were identified from the GC‐MS analyses.…”

“…) and in wastewater systems used to digest waste from milk powder production (Heaven et al . ). It is considered to be a breakdown product of the amino acid tyrosine found in milk although there is evidence to suggest it can be microbially produced in dairy waste (Shaw et al .…”

“…; Heaven et al . ) suggested that dairy matrices contain compounds like fatty acids or caseins that may affect the analyses of compounds such as HAAMe and para‐ cresol through, for example, fouling of the SPME fibre.…”

“…The compounds produced from the disinfection have often been found to be more toxic than their precursor halogenated compounds (Krasner et al 2006). Para-cresol has been found on both dairy farms (Shaw et al 2007) and in wastewater systems used to digest waste from milk powder production (Heaven et al 2011). It is considered to be a breakdown product of the amino acid tyrosine found in milk although there is evidence to suggest it can be microbially produced in dairy waste (Shaw et al 2007).…”